摘要
目的了解三峡工程二期蓄水前重庆库区人群健康有关指标,并评价三峡水库蓄水后对卫生指标的影响。方法在重庆库区选择了7个区县14个沿江乡镇(办事处)设立监测点,按照统一方法进行人口资料、卫生资源、死因分析、法定传染病、地方病、病媒生物等进行同步监测。结果年均监测人口370469人,年均出生率为8.31‰,死亡率为5.66‰,婴儿死亡率11.90‰,人口自然增长年均率为2.67‰,人群期望寿命为74.89岁。居民死因前五位为循环系统、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统、意外死亡和消化系统疾病。甲乙类传染病发病率为447.64/10万～705.32/10万;地氟病仅见于奉节县,阳性率为33.50%;地方性甲状腺肿发病率年均为11.92%。健康人群出血热、钩体、乙脑抗体阳性率分别为1.93%、28.33%、32.76%。鼠密度平均为4.84%,室内为4.60%,室外为4.99%。鼠肺出血热带毒率为1.12%,鼠肾钩体带菌率为0.31%。人房蚊密度为49.35只/间·人工小时,畜圈为143.81只/间·人工小时。结论三峡库区主要死因是循环系统、肿瘤,传染病不再是人群死亡的主要原因,但历年的发病率比重庆市常规疫情高,地氟病仅见于奉节监测点,地甲病属中等偏低病区。每年有虫媒和自然疫源性疾病的散在发生。
Objective To explore the index related public health in Chongqing segment of the Three Gorges Area before sluice, and to evaluate the effecfion of sanitation index after sluice in the Titree Gorges Area. Methods 7 out 14 cotmties/towns along fire Changjiang River were selected for health survcillance spots. The data of social- demographic information, sanitation resource, death cause, legal infections, endemic disease, disease intemediary biologies and so on were inspected through consolidate medieds. Results 370 469 subjects were surveyed, and their annual average birth rate 8.31‰, while mortality rate 5.66‰, infant mortality rate 11.90‰, natural increase rate 2.67‰. Life expectotion was 74.89 year old. The major death causes： cardiovaseulor disease, malignant tumour, respiratory system, accident and digestive system disease.The incidence rote was Class A infection disease was （447.64/100000） and for the Claas B, Endemic fluorosis was only appeared in Fengjie county, and the prevalence rate was 33.50‰ .The prevalence rate of am endemic goitre were 11.92% annual average. An antibody positive rates of health people were 1.93% for Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS）, 28.33% for Leptospira, 32.76% for Bencephalitis B.A mt average density were 4.84%, and it was in house 4.60% and 4.99 % in field. The positive rates of bemorrhage in rat lungs and leptospim in rat kidney were 1.12% and 0.31%. An mosquito density of human antnma and donrestic animal were 49.35/space·hour and 143.81/space·hour. Conchusion Tire major causes of death were interrelated to cardiovascular system and malignant ttanour. An incidence rote of infections in the Tiaree Gorges Area was higher than in Chongqing. It was only Fongjie that an endenfic fluomsis was appeared. The prevalence rate of an endemic goitre was lower nfiddling titan in Chongqing. An epidemic disease of intermediary biology and nature fountain were occurred scatter.
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
2005年第4期286-288,共3页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
国务院三峡工程建设委员会办公室三峡工程生态与环境补偿项目资助
