摘要
通过油菜的土培、水培及三年定位量试验，分析植株硼营养状况，并用￣（１０）Ｂ测定硼在花器官内的微域分布，初步表明，在土壤缺硼条件下，不同油菜品种耐土壤缺硼力存在明显差异：白菜型品种浠水白耐土壤缺硼力强，植株可吸收和积累较多的硼素，尤其是雄蕊和雌蕊的硼含量（１０．４３和１０．２５μｇ／ｇ）和硼充足的雄蕊和雌蕊的硼含量（１１．１２和１１．５７μｇ／ｇ）相差很小。相反，甘蓝型油菜在土壤供硼条件下，才能吸收和积累更多的硼素，从而获得高产。甘蓝型油菜缺硼时雄蕊和雌蕊硼含量都低，这是花而不实的重要原因。
Pot experiment and water culture were
used to compare the characters of rapevarieties.A three-year fix-location field experiment of B
fertilizer application wasconducted to study the quantity of absorption and accumulation of B
during diffe-rent growing stages of rape. Microscopy was used to detect formation of
pollengrain,and￣1 ￣(10)Bα-solid technique was used to determine the contents and
distributionof B in the flower organs of rape. The results showed that responses of rape
varie-ties to B nutrition varied greatly.1.In the condition of severe B deficiency in soil(content of
hot-water-solubleB was 0.2μg/g), 18 varieties of rape could be divided into five grades
accordingto their responses to the stress of B in soils.Among them,Xishuibai had the
strongability to resist B deficiency,being included in the first grade. Ganyou 4 had agood
response when B was deficient, belonging to the second grade. 6 rape verie-ties such as 821
had bad resistances to B deficiency,being the third grade. Theforth grade meant worse and the
fifth meant the worst responses to the stress ofB. 10 rape varieties such as Ganyou 2 and
double-low 84004 were divided into thetwo grades. 2.The yield of Xishuibai was higher than
that of Ganyou 5 without B-ferti-lizer application. The result was contrary in case of B
application. 3.When there was no application of B fertilizer,the content and accumulation of B
within the body of Xishuibai were slightly higher than those Ganyou 5 duringtheir growing
stages.For example,the content and accumulation of B in Xishuibaiand Ganyou 5 were 13.1mg
/kg, 342μg/per plant and 8.9mg/kg,206μg/per plant,respectively,at the mature stage. 4.The
boron contents of bud,flower,pistil and stamen of rape were very dif-ferent among varieties.For
example,the B contents of pistil and stamen of Xishui-bai were 10.43 and
10.25mg/kg,respectively,without B application,and 11.12 and11. 57 mg/kg,respectively,with B
application. The differences between them werevery small.In practice Xishuibai was hardly
deficient in B.On the contrary,theB contents of stamen and pistil of 84004 were 3.29 and 3.23
mg/kg without B app-lication and 11.22 and 11.26mg/kg with B application,so,84004 was often
foundto be severe B deficient in the practice.
出处
《土壤学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第3期308-314,共7页
Acta Pedologica Sinica
关键词
油菜品种
￣(10)B
硼营养
耐土壤缺硼力
Variety of rape,￣(10)B,B
nutrition,Ability to B anti-deficiencyin soil
