摘要
目的分析武钢历年来尘肺病例的发病工龄、晋期时间、分布及并发肺结核等流行病学特点,为尘肺防治提供科学依据.方法采用回顾性研究方法对武钢1958～2003年底所有已确诊的尘肺病例发病情况进行分析.结果武钢的尘肺病例主要分布在矿山,占84.04%,其中凿岩工最多占54.94%;尘肺病例的发生自20世纪80年代后逐年减少,80年代以后接尘的工人仅1人发病.尘肺平均发病工龄为25.8 a,平均发病年龄为49.5岁,90年代较60年代分别延长了19 a 和16岁.Ⅰ期晋Ⅱ期的平均年限为3.8 a,Ⅱ期晋Ⅲ期的平均年限为7.5 a,且随发病年龄的增加而呈缩短的趋势.肺结核并发率17.10%,随尘肺期别的增高肺结核并发率增加.结论武钢尘肺防治工作取得显著成效,建议加强职业性健康监护和粉尘浓度的监测管理.
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis in WISCO, such as the age of pneumoconiosis occurrence, progression time, distribution and complication with pulmonary tuberculosis in past years, and to provide scientific criteria for prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods Retrospective study was carried out to recruit the pneumoconiosis cases with definite diagnoses from 1958 to the end of 2003 in WISCO. Results Cases of pneumoconiosis in WISCO distributed mainly in mining, account for 84.04%, among them rock drilling workers occupied the most, 54.94%. Incidence of pneumoconiosis cases decreased after 1980s. Only one worker who exposed dust after 1980 was diagnosed as pneumoconiosis. For all cases, the average latency of pneumoconiosis was 25.8 years. The average age of pneumoconiosis occurrence was 49.5 years. In comparison with the average latency and average age of pneumoconiosis occurrence between 1960s and 1990s, there were 19 and 16 years delay respectively. The average progression durations （ Ⅰ→Ⅱ and Ⅱ→Ⅲ） were 3.8 and 7.5 years respectively, and decreased by increase of the age of pneumoconiosis occurrence. The rate of complication with tuberculosis was 17.10% and increased with the progression. Conclusions The prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in WISCO have gained obvious efficacy. It suggests that health surveillance and workplace monitoring have been playing important role in protecting worker＇s health.
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第5期320-324,共5页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
关键词
尘肺病
分布
发病
晋期
Pneumoeoniosis
Distribution
Ineidenee
Progression
