摘要
2004年4～10月,选择两种主要固沙(半)灌木为研究对象,观测了植物冠层在自然降水条件下的截留量和穿透冠层的降水量,并模拟了它们与降水参数间的关系.结果表明:试验期间共降水110.9 mm,50%的降水量<2 mm,80%的降水量<6 mm,以短暂而零星的小降水为主,降水次数呈偏态分布.由于植物冠层的截留而使柠条和油蒿冠层下的降水量极显著地小于降水量(P≤0.01).与油蒿相比,具有高大冠层结构的柠条冠层下的降水量在大多数情况下显著高于油蒿的(P≤0.05);两种植物冠层下方不同部位对降水穿透量的影响结果差异不显著(P>0.05)、显著(P≤0.05)和极显著(P≤0.01)约各占1/3;试验期间柠条和油蒿的冠层截留总量分别为10.7 mm和3.7 mm.两种植物冠层下穿透降水量与降水量和降水历时的多元回归方程达到极显著水平(P<0.0001),但逐步回归分析表明穿透降水量与降水历时的关系不明显(P>0.05),因而提出了穿透降水量与降水量间的线性公式(P<0.0001)能更好的表达这种关系;两种植物冠层截留量与降水量呈指数关系(P<0.05),理论上当降水量无穷大时截留量接近于常数项,即柠条冠层的最大截留量为3.5 mm,油蒿冠层的最大截留量为1.0 mm.
From April to October 2004, two shrubs were selected to investigate the penetrable precipitation under canopies, and then to simulate the relationship of them. The results show that precipitation was 110. 9 mm in the experimental period. Precipitation event was short and spasmodic; the number of precipitation events was partial distribution, with 50% and 80% of precipitation events were less than 5 mm and 8 mm, respectively. The penetrable precipitations under both plant crowns were significantly less than precipitation（P≤0. 01） and different each other （P≤0. 05）. Because of the higher and bigger canopy, Caragana korshinskii has the intercepted precipitation significantly more than Arternisia ordosica. The results from influence of location on penetrable precipitations were 1/3 no significant, 1/3 significant and 1/3 very significant different, respectively. The total penetrable precipitation is 10.7 mm and 3.7 mm for C. korshinskii and A. ordosica during the experimental period, respectively. Multiple regression analysis indicates that the relationship of penetrable precipitation and precipitation and precipitation duration has high level of significance （P〈0. 0001）, but the result by stepwise regression analysis shows that the relationship of penetrable precipitation and precipitation duration is low level of significance （P〈0. 05）. Thus, a linear equation is suggested, which would express the relationship better （P%0. 0001）. Besides, exponential equa- tion between canopy interception and precipitation can express the relationship well （P〈0.05）. In theory, when precipitation is infinitely great, the interception will be constant, i. e. , the maximum interception will be 3.5 mm for C. korshinskii and 1.0 mm for A. ordosica.
出处
《冰川冻土》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第5期761-766,共6页
Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology
基金
国家自然基金项目(902020154040100440301008)资助
关键词
沙漠区
人工植被
降水截留
模拟
desert area
artificial vegetation
intercepted precipitation
simulation
