摘要
植物活篱笆恢复紫色土侵蚀沟植被及水土流失特征研究结果:(1)香根草、芦竹栽植半年即可形成植物篱笆,防治水土流失效果显著.据1999年测定,无植物篱处理年径流量为4 210.44 t/hm2,泥沙流失量为1 726.61 t/hm2,而植物篱处理年径流量只为无植物篱处理的7.2%,泥沙流失量为1%;因而被阻截的泥沙在植物篱笆上方淤积,可增厚土层10～20 cm/a,有了土层,植被慢慢恢复,植物篱第1年覆盖度为3%,第2年为10%,第3年为25%,第4年达40%.(2)紫色土坡地水土流失周年变化以5月和6月为高峰期,高峰期径流量占全年径流量总和的45%左右,水土流失为全年流失量的30%左右.由于植物根系改善了土壤物理性状,土壤容重减轻,孔隙增加,因而土壤初始入渗速率、稳定入流速率均显著高于无植物篱处理,降雨量多,径流也多,同时也有较多的水入渗进入农田生态系统,而无植物篱则相反,降雨多,径流多,而进入农田生态系统的水也少.
The research results of vegetation recovery and soil erosion characteristic in corroded ditch of purple soil hills using plant-fencing are：（1） The balsamroot and giant reed can shape plant-fencing in half of year and the effect of preventing soil erosion is remarkable. According the test in 1990, without plant-fencing the annual runoff amount is 4 210. 44 t/hm^2,the runoff amount of silt is 1 726.61 t/hm^2. The annual amount of surface flow with plant-fencing is 7.2% of that without plantfencing ,the surface flow amount of silt is 1 %. The silt is stopped and deposited above the plant-fencing which can increase soil layer 10-20 cm per year. Having soil layer,vegetation is recovered little by little. The cover degree of plant-fencing is 3%in the first year,10% in the next year,25% in the third year,40% in the fourth year. （2） The peak period of soil erosion of purple soil slope is in May and June. The surface flow amount of peak period is about 45% of the whole year,the soil erosion amount of peak period is about 30%of the whole year. Root system of plant improves the soil physical characteristic,soil proportion lightens and hole increased. So the initial speed of soil permeation and the steady speed of flow with the plant-fencing is higher than that without plant-fencing. With plant-fencing, more rainfall and surface flow and water permeate farmland ecosystem. On the contrary,without plant-fencing,more rainfall and surface runoff ,less water permeates farmland ecosystem.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第5期62-65,共4页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
湖南省"十五"重点攻关科研计划项目"紫色土丘陵区综合治理农业生态工程试验与示范研究"
关键词
植物篱
侵蚀沟
紫色土丘陵
植被
水土流失
plant-fencing
corroded ditch
purple soil hills
vegetation
soil erosion
