摘要
研究了亲水有机相-含盐水两相体系的形成机理和分相能力及其影响因素。建立了测定上相体积与所加有机溶剂体积差ΔV的新方法,提出了判断分相能力的新判据:相对密度比判据,即上相溶液与纯溶剂的密度比愈小,分相能力愈大。实验考察了不同有机物种类、盐的种类、盐的加入量以及pH值对分相能力的影响。结果表明,亲水有机相-含盐水两相体系的分相过程实质上是一个有机溶剂与无机盐竞争夺取水分子的过程,其分相能力与有机溶剂的水化能力和无机盐的盐析能力直接相关,有机溶剂的水化能力愈大其分相能力愈差,而无机盐的盐析能力越大其分相能力越强,pH值对分相能力也有一定的影响。
Phase separation and mechanism of a hydrophilic organic phase-salt aqueous solution system were studied. A new method for measuring △V was established, and a new criterion to judge the phase separation ability was proposed, which is called as relative density criterion. According to the criterion, the less the relative density of upper phase vs pure organic solvent, the greater the phase separation ability. Factors affecting phase separation ability such as the kind and the concentration of organic solvent and salt and pH of the salt aqueous solution were investigated in detail. It was found that the phase separation process of the hydrophilic organic phase-salt aqueous solution system is a competition of organic solvent with salt for water molecules, and the phase separation ability is directly depended on the hydration ability of organic solvent and the salting out ability of salt, the greater the hydration ability of organic solvent, the poorer the phase separa- tion ability, and the greater the salting out ability of salt, the stronger the phase separation ability, and the pH value of the aqueous solution has influence on phase separation ability.
出处
《应用化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第11期1203-1207,共5页
Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry
基金
福建省自然科学基金(E0210022)资助课题
关键词
亲水有机相
含盐水相
两相体系
分相机理
分相能力
hydrophilic organic phase
salt aqueous solution phase
two-phase system
phase separation mechanism
phase separation ability
