摘要
目的:探讨非医学指征剖宫产儿童在本顿视觉保持测验中的视知觉、视觉记忆、视觉结构能力等认知特征,分析剖宫产对儿童神经心理的影响,为控制人为剖宫产率提供理论支持。方法:于2003-09/10整群选取广州市几所小学三、四年级儿童作为调查对象。共发放自编的“分娩情况和一般家庭情况”调查问卷727份,回收663份,根据回收问卷中分娩方式情况,筛查出非医学指征性剖宫产儿童63例,作为剖宫产组,选择与剖宫产组儿童年龄、性别、学校、班级及家庭一般情况无显著性差异的正常阴道分娩儿童156人作为对照组。应用国内修订版本顿视觉保持测验对两组儿童的视觉记忆保持能力、视觉结构能力和延迟记忆能力进行测试,该测验的测具包括无意义的图卡片C、D、E式各10张,分为4种测验方法,A法、B法为每一图卡片呈现10s或5s后让被试默画,C法为让被试临摹图卡片,D法为每一图卡片呈现10s后间隔15s再让被试默画,本测试采用C式B法,D式C法和E式D法,采用个别施测方式,分别记录两组儿童测验的正确分(每一图卡根据全或无的原则记1或0分,总分范围0～10之间)及错误次数(错误类型分为遗漏、变形、持续、旋转、位置错误和大小错误6个范畴),基本资料进行两组间的成组t检验。结果:所有调查对象全部进入结果分析,无脱落。本顿视觉保持测验结果显示剖宫产儿童在E式D法测验中的得分低于对照组(P<0.05);在D式C法中“位置”错误类型的出现次数多于对照组(P<0.05),在E式D法中“位置”和“变形”错误类型的出现次数较对照组明显偏高(P<0.05)。结论:剖宫产儿童的视觉空间结构能力及视觉延时回忆能力存在缺陷,视空间工作记忆、视觉结构与视觉统和功能不足。
AIM： To probe the characteristics of visual perception, visual memory, visual structure cognition etc. in Benton Visual Retention Test （VRT） in children born through caesarean section without medical signs, analyze the neuropsychological influence of caesarean section on children, and provide theoretic supporting for controlling the incidence of caesarean section. METHODS： From September to October 2003, 727 self-made questionnaires about birthing condition and family factors were sent to grade 3 and 4 pupils from several primary schools in Guangzhou, and 663 were taken back. Sixty-three children born through caesarean section without medical signs were screened from the 663 children according to the birthing methods of retrieved questionnaires as caesarean section group. 156 children born through vaginal delivery with the same age, sex, school, grade and family condition as the caesarean section children were selected as control group. The Chinese revised VRT was applied to assess the visual memory retention, visual construction and delay memory of both groups of children. The test included the meaningless pictures in C, D and E patterns with 10 pieces in each one. There were 4 kinds of methods. The testees were asked to draw the figures from memory after 10s or 5s presentation （A method and B method）, copy the figures as they were presenting （C method）, draw the figures from memory 15 seconds after they were showed for 10 seconds （D method）. This test applied B method with C pattern, C method with D pattern and D method with E pattern, and used individual test method. The correct score and error times were recorded separately. Each figure card was scored 0 or 1 point according to the principle of ‘all or none＇, and the total score of each test method ranged from 0 to 10. The error types included omissions, distortions, perseveration, rotations, misplacements and size errors. The correct scores and error times of two groups were compared by group t-test. RESULTS： All the testees were involved in the result analysis, without drop. The results of VRT check showed that the score in the children born through caesarean section in D method with E pattern was lower than that in the control group （P〈 0.05 ）; The displacement in C method with D pattern appeared more than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. The misplacements and distortions appeared more than that in the control group（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： Children born through caesarean section have defection in visual space construction ability and visual delay memory, and their visual space working memory, visual structure and visual-motor integration ability are poorer.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第44期7-9,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
基金
广东省卫生厅基妇处专项基金资助(2002-05-13)~~
