摘要
通过对干旱内陆河三级流域区绿洲发展与演化的历史实证分析,本文划分出干旱内陆河流域绿洲分布的2种典型模式:中游主导型和中下游主导型。在水资源禀赋及水资源利用方面,中下游主导型人均水资源可利用量较高,水资源利用率相对较低,而中游主导型人均水资源可利用量较低,水资源利用率相对较高;在社会经济发展上,中下游主导型的人均GDP和城市化率总体较低,而中游主导型的相对较高;在水资源产出效率方面,中下游主导型的单位用水的综合增加值总体较低,而中游主导型的相对较高。在详细对比了两种典型模式的各种差异的基础上,本文指出导致绿洲分布模式不同的主要因素是水资源量和经济发展水平的差异。在流域人口不断增长的情况下,必须调整不适宜的社会经济结构,提高水资源产出效率,才能保持现有绿洲分布模式的稳定。
Based on a comparative analysis approach of oasis distributed in arid area of Northwest China, this paper brings up and describes two kinds of oasis distribution pattern： mid-lower reach pattern and middle reach pattern. It is found that the water availability per capita of mid-lower reach pattern is higher than that of middle reach pattern, while the water resources exploitation percentage of mid-lower reach pattern is lower than that of middle reach pattern. The GDP per capita and the urbanization percentage of middle lower reach pattern is lower than those of middle reach pattern in general. The general output per unit water resources of mid-lower reach pattern is lower than that of middle reach pattern as a whole. Through comparing and studying the characteristics of the representative distribution pattern, it is pointed out that the key factor that leads to different oasis pattern is the differences of water resources and social economy development. Under the circumstance of population fast growing, water availability per capita will decrease accordingly. To maintain the oasis stability in line with economic development, improved production efficiency of water resources and balanced social-economic pattern are strongly required.
出处
《水利学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第12期1457-1463,共7页
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(90302007)
欧盟科技框架亚洲生态计划项目(ASI/B7-301/2598/06-2003/62860)
关键词
水资源
干旱内陆河区
绿洲
分布模式
经济
water resources
dry in-land fiver basin
oasis
distribution pattern
economy
