摘要
经土壤链霉菌的分离、筛选得到抗稻瘟病的强拮抗菌D-2。对峙培养表明,D-2菌株在PDA平板上对稻瘟病菌、油菜菌核病菌、小麦赤霉病菌和黄瓜枯萎病菌的抑菌率分别为92.2%、78.9%、53.3%和52.2%。根据形态特征、培养特征、细胞壁化学组分分析和生理生化分析,D-2菌株被定名为烬灰吸水链霉菌(Streptomyces cinereohyg roscopicus)。D-2菌株发酵液经乙酸乙酯萃取、浓缩得橙黄色活性粗提物,活性物质在酸性环境下稳定性较差,在中性或偏碱性环境下80℃处理1 h、可见光(4 000 lx)处理12 h、紫外线(2 400 lx)处理4 h活性均保持不变。通过硅胶柱层析和硅胶薄层层析得到了主要的纯活性组分。选择不同的溶剂和乳化剂交叉配制成9种生物农药进行田间小区试验,结果表明:以甲醇作溶剂,吐温80作乳化剂防效最好,达65.69%。
An antagonistic bacterial strain D-2 against M. grisea was isolated from soil. Dual culture test on PDA plate showed that the inhibition rate of D-2 to M. grisea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium graminearum and F. oxysporum was 92.2%, 78.9%, 53.3% and 52.2%, respectively. Based on the morphological, growth physiological and biochemical characteristics, and chemical components of cell wall, strain D-2 was determined to be Streptomyces cinereohygroscopicus. Aurantiacus active crude extract was obtained by ethyl acetate extraction and condensation from the fermented broth of D-2, active substance was unstable in acid condition and its activity kept steady in neutral or slight alkaline condition at 80℃ for 1 h, in visible light （4000Ix） for 12 h and UV（2400 Ix） for 4 h. The main active component was purified by silica gel column chromatograph and silica gel TLC. Nine biological pesticides were formulated with different solvents and emulsifiers to control M. grisea in paddy field, it was showed that the best control effect was 65.69% with methanol as solvent and Tween 80 as emulsifier.
出处
《植物病理学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期352-358,共7页
Acta Phytopathologica Sinica
基金
国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2002AA212151)
