摘要
黄河三角洲气候干旱、土壤矿化度高，黄河水富含泥砂和营养盐，使得该地区引黄水库水质面临富营养化和成化的共同威胁。2001～2003年对黄河三角洲7座不同面积、不同水交换率的地上式和地下式平原型水库的非生物指标和水草分布进行了调查，结果发现：1）[Cr^-]i[SO4^2-]，TH和电导率有逐渐增加的趋势，而且水的交换量越低，增高的趋势越快，但其中[SO4^2-]增幅度相对较小；2）水偏弱碱性，溶氧经常接近饱和或过饱和状态；3）Alk变化范围小，在矿化度不断增加的同时。水由碳酸盐型逐渐变为氯化物型；4）水草分布广泛，特别是菹草和聚草，部分水库因为水草的大量孳生导致pH过高（pH〉9）。说明该地区水体的成化趋势表现为氯离子和二价阳离子逐渐增高的趋势．该趋势在水交换量较低、水位较低（地如下式水库）、水体混合不均匀的水库表现更明显；该地区的富营养化特征主要表现为水草大量孳生，并由于有机质在水中合成的速度持续大于分解的速度，而使pH和DO持续维持在较高水平。
Arid climate, nutrient water and high salinity soil indicate that the water in the reservoirs in the Yellow River Delta （38°N, 118°E） have some special characters. By investigation on the abiotic factors and submerged macrophytes of seven reservoirs, from January 2000 to July 2003, the primary characters of the water quality were obtained, which illustrated that （ Ⅰ ） the chloride, sulphate, total hardness and conductivity were increasing, of which sulphate had the lowest rate; （ Ⅱ ） the alkalinity fluctuated in a smaller range than chloride; （Ⅲ ） the water originally dominated by carbonate was gradually dominated by chloride; （ Ⅳ ） the water was alkalescent and abundant in dissolved oxygen; （ Ⅴ ） submerged macrophytes were abundant and distributed as Potamogeton crispus Lin or （and） Myriophyllum spicatum Linn in six reservoirs, and by the two species in combination with P. perfoliatus Linn, P. malaianus Miq, P. pectinatus and Vallisneria spiralis Linn in one. The result indicates that the water salinities are increasing, at rates dominated by water exchange rate, water level and water circulation in respective reservoirs; meanwhile, submerged grass leads to acute fluctuation of water quality with pH jumping to more than 9 and even near 10 when blooming in spring or summer, and as the growth rates of the organisms are greater than their decomposition rates, high DO concentrations and pH values appear.
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第1期65-70,共6页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
关键词
黄河三角洲
平原型水库
水质
the Yellow River Delta
plain reservoir
water quality
