摘要
造山带和克拉通之间的盆地称之为前陆盆地。近年来关于陆内(板内)造山的理论进一步拓宽了前陆盆地的含义。笔者建议将毗邻大陆板内造山带的拗陷盆地命名为陆内前陆盆地,并可以与典型前陆盆地类比。造山带向前陆区逆冲引起山麓带岩石圈的构造响应,形成前隆和前陆盆地。不同地区的前陆盆地具有明显的区域性特,其演化阶段性也有许多差别。它们受岩石圈基底性质和大地构造位置,造山带隆升和剥蚀。前陆盆地沉积速度和开放程度等多种因素影响。最新的方法是采用校正的构造回剥曲线、时间段曲线、沉积速率等定量数值描述造山冲断楔和前陆盆地间的构造-沉积平衡关系,即山体隆升逆冲与盆地构造沉降的平衡,以及山体逆冲推移与盆地沉积间的平衡。南天山南麓库车陆内前陆盆地为典型的封闭系统,是理想的研究区。上述方法对库车陆内前陆盆地的分析表明,经过校正的回剥曲线反映逆冲和沉降更为精确。结合时间段曲线,沉积速率和区域地质资料能得出库车陆内前陆盆地生储盖组合与储油构造形成的主要时期和规律,为油气勘探提供佐证。
The basin between orogenic belt and craton is called foreland basin.However,in a sense it has been expanded in the last few years because of develop-ment of the intracontinental orogenic theory.The authors suggest that the basinwhich is located at the front of the intracontinental orogenic belt may also be calledforeland basin or intracontinental foreland basin because it can be analogic with thetypical foreland basin.The thrusting of the orogenic belt onto the foreland area isan indicator of the tectonic response to lithosphere in foothill,and therefore,thesubsidence(foreland basin)and the nearby uplift(Mountain)are formed.Besidescommon features,each foreland basin has some local features differing from the in-fluence of the basement character,tectonic setting,thrusting of orogenic belt,growing rate of denudation and sedimentation,and open extent of the basin.Thenewest approach of the study is the balanced relationship in foreland basin reflectedby the tectonic regime and sedimentation between thrusting of the orogenic belt andthe foreland basin,shown by the curve of the corrected tectonic stripping,timestep and rate of sedimentation.The Kuche intracontinental foreland basin,locatedat southern foothill of south Tianshan is a typical closed system for this type of tec-tonsedimentary tary processes The study no the Kuche intracontinental forelandbasin using the methods mentioned above shows that corrected curves of the tecton-ic stripping can describe the thrusting and subsidence accurately.Those results ofthe study could be valuable for evaluation of the oilbearing reservoir and structuraltrap based on the regional geological evidences in the Kuche intracontinental fore-land basin.
出处
《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
1996年第2期188-198,共11页
Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis
关键词
前陆盆地
构造回剥曲线
造山冲断楔
沉阵
沉积
intracontinental foreland basin
curve of tectonic stripping
compaction correction
cementation correction
thrust sheet
time step curve
