摘要
采用模拟实验方法,研究了菲律宾蛤仔养殖对底质酸挥发硫的影响,分析了酸挥发硫与其他底质环境因子的关系。结果表明,菲律宾蛤仔养殖会增加底质中酸挥发硫的含量,而且酸挥发硫含量随养殖密度增加而升高;与酸挥发硫密切相关的环境因素有底质温度、氧化还原电位(Eh)值、有机物(OM)含量、Fe3+/Fe2+比值、硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)数量;菲律宾蛤仔的养殖导致沉积物中SEM和AVS的比值小于1,束缚了重金属的生物活性或生物毒性。
The sulfide in rnariculture environments could not only influence directly the seawater environmental qualities and result in impairments of the organisms cultured, but also induce the aging of rnariculture environments. In this paper a simulation experiment was carried outto study the effect of clam （Ruditapes philippinarum） culture on the acid voatile sulfide（AVS） in sediments and to analyze the relations between AVS and other experimental factors. The aim of this study was to offer theoretical base for ecological rehabilitation in aging mudflat of mariculture areas. In this paper the experimental ecology method was used in laboratory. The period of the simulation experiment persisted for 4 months from August 23 to December 24 in 2003. The experiment site was located in the scientific base of Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute in Xiao-maidao, Qingdao. The 7 plastic experimental containers（60 cm ×35 cm × 25 cm） were filled with 15 cm mud fetched from Rushan Bay. The mean weight and length of the clams tested were 5.87 g and 3.19 cm respectively. The clam culture densities were classified into high （5 233 g·m^-2）, middle （3 733 g·m^-2）, low （2 233 g·m^-2） densities and the control （0 g·m^-2）. The intervals of the sampling were 10 day （3 times）, 15 day （4 limes） and 30 day respectively. The items of determinations included AVS, temperature, redox potentials （Eh）, organic matter （OM）, active iron, heavy metals, sulfate reducing-bacteria （SRB） and the simultaneous extracted metals （SEM）. The mean values were used to illuminate the effect of clam cultures on the AVS. The results showed that the clam culture activities could affect the concentration of AVS. The AVS concentrations of the 3 tests were higher than that of the control, and he.came higher with the increase of the culture densities. Meanwhile, the tendencies of the AVS concentration were just the same at different temperatures.The relation between Eh and AVS was negative correlation, the coefficients of them in middle and high densities tests were r = -0. 6867（ P 〈 0.05 ） and r = - 0.6621 （ P 〈 0.05）, respectively. The relation between OM and AVS was positive correlation, the coefficients of them in high densities tests was r = 0. 6919 （ P 〈 0.05）. Both of the highest value of Fe^3＋/Fe^2＋ and the concentration of AVS appeared at the middle of the experimental period. The relation between SRB and AVS was positivly correlated, the coefficient of them in low and middle densities tests were r = 0.7591 （ P 〈 0.05 ） and r = 0.8317 （ P 〈 0.05 ）, respectively. The values of SEM/AVS among all the 3 tests and the control were lower than 1. It was concluded that the clam culture could increase the concentration of AVS in the sediments, and that the concentrations of AVS became higher with the increase of culture density. It was the values of temperature, redox potential, organic matter, Fe^3 ＋/Fe^2 ＋ and the number of sulfate reducing-bacteria in the sediments that were correlative with the concentration of AVS. The clam culture induced decrease in the ratio of SEM to AVS, which became lower than 1, so that the biological activity and/or toxicity of these heavy metals were restricted. There are many factors that may affect AVS in shellfish culture environments. To quantify the relationships among them exactly, a lot of field mud flat simulation experiments need to be practiced.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第1期81-89,共9页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30571438)
山东省科技厅项目(012110116)
中国水产科学研究院基金项目(2001-4-5)
关键词
酸挥发性硫
菲律宾蛤仔
养殖
底质
模拟实验
acid volatile sulfides（AVS）
Ruditapes philippinarum
culture
sediment
simulation experiment
