摘要
岱海是我国半干旱区的一个典型内陆湖。近年来,由于受到流域人类活动的强烈干预,湖泊水位持续下降,湖面不断萎缩。与此同时,湖泊水质也呈现出明显的恶化趋势,2004年水质监测结果显示,湖水中TN、TP和CODMn均出现超标,全湖水质达到劣Ⅴ类。采用综合营养状态指数法进行评价,岱海水体已处于中度富营养化水平,但受湖周生产布局的影响,营养状况空间分布有所差异,自湖西向湖东,营养状态指数逐渐减小,富营养化程度也相应降低。在时间变化上,岱海已由1996年的中营养化过渡到2004年的中度富营养化,上升了两个营养级别。引起岱海水质恶化的原因主要是农田地表径流及城镇所产生的生活污水,另外,湖泊的不断萎缩也是一个不容忽视的影响因素。为防止岱海水环境继续恶化,根据流域特点提出了一些具体的防治对策和建议。
The Daihai Lake （40°29＇7＂-40°37＇6＂N, 112°33＇31＂-112°46＇40＂E） is a typical inland lake in a semiarid region in Inner Mongolia, China, its drainage area is 2 289 km^2, and its water area is 80.72 km^2. In the lake area, it belongs to the mid-temperate semiarid monsoon climate, it is cold in long winter but warm in short summer, the annual temperature is low, but the annual and diurnal-nocturnal temperature differences are high; the annual precipitation and evaporation are 412.95 mm and 1032.57 mm respectively. In recent years, the water level of the Daihai Lake is continuously decreased, its water area is sharply reduced, and the water quality of the lake is significantly deteriorated due to the impacts of human activities. The monitored results in 2004 revealed that the TN, TP and CODMn had exceeded the standard level, and the water quality of the whole lake was deteriorated to inferior V grade. Evaluated with the method of trophic status index, the whole lake had been in mid-eutrophication, but the eutrophication is different from different water areas owing to the influences of industrial and agricultural production patterns, the trophic status index was decreased gradually from the western area to the eastern area, and the eutrophication was correspondingly reduced, Analyzed from the temporal change, the eutrophication of the Daihai Lake became more serious in 2004 than that in 1996. The pollution of the Daihai Lake is mainly caused by drained water from farmlands and urban domestic sewage, and the shrinkage of water area of the lake is also an important factor. In order to conserve the aqueous environment of the lake, some suggestions are put forward.
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第1期42-46,共5页
Arid Land Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金(40271021)
关键词
岱海
营养状况
评价
防治对策
the Daihai Lake： trophic status
assessment： pollution-control measure
