摘要
运用远缘杂交的方法,培养以离抗性为特点的刺玫月季品种群,是我们的目标和愿望。连续3年用现代月季品种与中国原产的蔷薇属植物杂交,共采用121个杂交组合,授粉1645朵花,获得913粒杂种种子,成苗54株,有可能成为建立刺玫月季品种群的第一批品种基础。在了解亲本授粉结实习性基础上,采用不同的授粉方法进行试验,同时观察了花粉在柱头上萌发、生长等情况,发现影响结实率的主要因子是亲本个体的差异,杂交组合的亲和力也很重要。还研究了杂种种子败育与成苗情况,讨论了提高结实率和加速育种进程的途径。
A new rose group,the Rejuvenation Rose Group (Rj.),is being established by crossing Chinese wild roses,especially species belonging to Sect,Pimpinellifoliae and Sect.Cinnamomeae,with the modern rose cultivars.The major goal of breeding the Rj.Rose Group is to decrease susceptibility to winter cold injury,to enhance other resistant abilities to diseases and adverse ecological factors.Based on the study of pollination and fruit setting habits,distant hybridizations between Chinese wild rose species and modern rose cultivars were carried out from 1986 to 1988.Some hybrid F1 seedlings were backcrossed to modern roses in 1988.One hundred and twenty one cross combinations,and a total of 1645 pollinated flowers,resulted in obtaining 913 distant hybrid seeds and 54 hybrid seedlings.This is the most probable basis for establishing the new Rejuvenation Rose Group (Rj.).In order to detect the causes of incompatibility,different treatments were used in 1987.distant pollens were pollinated in normal flowers,normal flowers with a culture medium flower bud pollination,styles with cutting stigma and styles with cutting stigma and culture medium.Nearly all fertilization cases resulted in normal pollinations.Other experimental results using microscopic observation showed no difference between distant pollens and cross pollens in germination and growing of pollen tubes.The main factor that affects the percentage of fruit setting and that of viable seedlings is in the fruit setting ability of modern roses as mother plants themselves.This is also dependent upon the compatibility between cross combinations.Nearly all wild rose species can be used as crossing parents.The best modern rose cultivars used as female parents are as follows.'Qiushui Furong','Golden Glow','Danfeng Chaoyang','Queen Elizabeth','Mount Shasta',and etc.Further discussion was concerned with the problems of how to raise the percentage of fruit setting in distant rose crosses and to step up processes in breeding and establishing the Rj.Rose Group.
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第3期18-25,共8页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
关键词
刺玫月季
不育性
杂交
不亲和性
Rejuvenation Rose Group (Rj,),distant hybridization,percentage of fruit setting,incompatibility,distant hybrid seedling
