摘要
供销社正处在制度变迁的关键时期,其演变趋势关系到供销社独特的制度安排的存在合理性。目前,供销社面临着组织定位模糊、组织功能萎缩、组织基础涣散以及经营绩效不理想等诸多问题,而这些问题的深层原因在于其产权制度的复杂性和独特性。就整体而言,在供销社现存的行政化取向、企业化取向和回归“三农”取向中,供销社回归“三农”是唯一现实可取的取向。但是,选择这种取向并不简单,它需要供销社进一步进行深刻的改革,这也意味着供销社深化改革的中心环节应是安排恰当的最终所有者和构建科学的治理结构。
The supply and marketing cooperatives in China, as an important component part of the planned economy system, are known as a unique economic entity. Before China＇s reform and opening-up, they served as an important tool with which the government controlled agriculture, rural areas and farmers. In a sense, this kind of organization once played an essential role in the Chinese agriculture and social and economic life in the countryside. After the reform and openingup, however, it has been faced with rigorous challenges and then gradually lost its traditional superiority due to the dramatic development of the country＇s market economy. Recent years have witnessed the strategic turning point of its institutional transition, and its trend of evolution will have a bearing on the rationality of its existence as a distinct institutional arrangement. Undoubtedly, the supply and marketing cooperative as an organization is currently being faced with many problems, such as its complex property rights, vague positioning, shrinking functions, loosed basis and weak performance of the organization. In the abovementioned problems of the cooperative, the most fundamental one is the absence of the ultimate owners, which will certainly lead to the inappropriate governance structure that normally appears to be the insiders＇ domination over the residual claim. On the whole, the cooperative has three options at the moment： being oriented to ＂ agriculture, rural areas and farmers＂, to an ＂administrative institution＂, or to an ＂enterprise＂, among which the first orientation is the most realistic and feasible, compared with the other two. But it is no easy job at all to choose the first orientation, as it is required that the cooperative should undergo a further and deeper reform aiming at coping with the fundamental problems that the cooperative faces. In other words, the key link of the reform is how to identify the proper ultimate owners and to establish a scientific governance structure.
出处
《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2006年第3期117-124,共8页
Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(04ZD012)
关键词
供销社
产权制度
治理结构
制度变迁
supply and marketing cooperatives
property right system
governance structure
institutional transition
