摘要
目的分析中山市2004年一起登革热爆发的流行病学特征,为制定登革热预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法按登革热诊断标准进行回顾性流行病学调查,使用登革热IgM/IgG快速免疫色谱测试卡对疑似病例血清进行登革热抗体检测,用C6/36细胞对急性期病人血清进行病毒分离。使用布雷图指数(BⅠ)法进行蚊媒密度调查。结果本次疫情流行历时36d,共发病37例,登革热抗体阳性37例,分离到登革Ⅰ型病毒4株。病例主要集中在城区城乡结合部,男性16例,女性21例,发病年龄最小6岁,最大63岁,其中10～39岁27例,占72.97%。疫情发生时布雷图指数67.0,经采取以快速杀灭成蚊和清除伊蚊孳生地为主的综合防治措施后,疫情很快得到控制。结论本次疫情是由I型登革病毒引起,因早期病例误诊,未及时发现传染源,导致疾病传播。快速灭蚊和清除伊蚊孳生地是控制疫情的有效措施。针对该市的流行因素,今后应继续加强各项控制措施的执行落实,加强可疑病例的监测和杀灭蚊媒的工作,扩大原因不明发热病人血常规监测范围,特别是曾发生疫情的乡镇社区卫生服务站。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of the outbreak of dengue fever in Zhongshan city in 2004, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures. Method Retrospective epidemiological investigation was conducted. Dengue Duo IgM and IgG rapid strip test was used for detecting the antidengue virus antibodies. Serum samples were collected from the patients in acute stage and the dengue virus were isolated with C3/36 cells. The density of mosquito larvae at epidemic spot was measured with Breteau Index （BI）. Result The epidemic period caused by typeⅠdengue virus lasted 36 days. Most of the patients were living in suburb and downtown. Among the 37 patients, 16 are male and 21 are female individuals. And the age was between 6 to 63.26 patients were in the age of 10 to 39. The BI in epidemic district was 67 during the epidemic period. Conclusion The outbreak was caused by dengue virus type Ⅰ. Misdiagnosis and the delayed identification of source of infection were the major cause of the disease outbreak. Preventing the mosquito propagation and cleaning up of the environment are the effective methods to control and prevent dengue fever. The strategies for control and prevention should include the strengthening on the surveillance of patients with unknown cause of fever, controlling on the growth of mosquitos and expanding the blood-test surveillance area for the patients who had a fever with unknown reason.
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2006年第4期425-427,共3页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
关键词
登革热
流行病学
预防控制
dengue fever
epidemiology
prevention and control
