摘要
对西双版纳地区季风常绿阔叶林植物群落的物种组成、区系成分、多样性指数、群落外貌、结构特征以及物种面积关系等进行了分析，结果表明：在3块2500m^2的样地上，计有维管束植物70—123种，分别属于36—49科、70～74属；区系地理成分可分为12个类型，主要以热带区系成分为主，其中又以热带亚洲（印度-马来西亚）分布和泛热带分布的成分占优势，温带成分所占的比例很少；群落中胸径≥2cm的乔木树种丰富度为60±11．14，Shannon-Wiener指数为2．6051±0．3420，Pielou均匀度指数为0．6373±0．0654；群落的结构层次可分为乔木（Ⅰ、Ⅱ）层、灌木层和草本层；群落外貌以单叶、革质、全缘、中叶为主的常绿中、小高位芽植物组成为特征；物种一面积曲线在取样面积为1500m^2时开始趋于平缓。与本地区的季节雨林和山地雨林相比，西双版纳季风常绿阔叶林群落的中、小高位芽植物以及单叶、革质、中叶植物所占的比例较大，而大高位芽、藤本植物的比例较少。与其他地区常绿阔叶林相比，其中高位芽、全缘叶、中叶植物比例明显偏高，小、矮高位芽、小叶植物比例则明显减少；物种多样性指数低于本地区季节雨林和山地雨林以及广东鼎湖山、白云山的常绿阔叶林，与云南哀牢山、浙江夫台山的常绿阔叶林较为接近，但明显高于日本Okinawa群岛、滇中地区的常绿阔叶林。表明西双版纳的季风常绿阔叶林物种组成较为丰富，群落结构复杂，植物多样性指数较高，植物区系成分虽具有一定的温带成分，但主要以热带区系成分为主，热带性较强。
The species and floral composition, forest structure, plant diversity and coenological characteristics of the monsoonal evergreen bread-leaved forest（MEBF） in xishuanghanna are studied, The results showed that total number of plant species in the communities of MEBF is 70 - 123, representing 70 - 74 genera and 36 - 49 families in three 2 500 m^2 plots. The floral composition of those communities can be divided into 12 floral types. Among those floral types, Pan-tropic and Trop. Asia （Indo-Malesia） distributions are dominant, but temperate distributions are only a little. Tree species richness（ DBH≥2 cm）is 60 ± 11.14, while Shannon-Wiener and Pielou＇ sevenness indicesare 2. 605 1 ± 0.342 0 and 0. 637 3 ± 0. 065 4, respectively. The structure of communities is complex which can be divided into tree layer （Ⅰ, Ⅱ）, shrub layer and herb layer. The forest is characterized by evergreen mesophanerophytes and microphanerophytes with simple leathery and entire mesophyllous leaves, a relatively low abundance of woody lianas, few buttressed trees and little or no caulifory. It is also revealed that the species-area curve for the forest type increased very slowly after 1500 m^2 sample area. Compared to the seasonal rain forests and the montane rain forests in Xishuanbanna, the MEBF has a higher meso- and micro-phanerophytes, but a lower megaphanerophytes, more plants with simple, leathery and mesophyllous leaves. Compared with the evergreen bread-leaved forest in other regions, mesophanerophytes, entire leaves and mesophyllous leaves are more abundant in the MEBF of Xishuangbanna, but has fewer plants with microphanerophytes and microphyllous leaves. The MEBF in Xishuangbanna has lower species diversity than that in the seasonal rain forest and in the montane rain forest of the same region, and that in the evergreen broad-leaved forest in Guangdong, but similar to evergreen bread-leaved forest in Ailaoshan mountain inYunnan and Tiantaishan mountain in Zhejiang. however, species diversity of MEBF in Xishuangbanna was higher than that of the evergreen bread-leaved forest in the middle region of Yunnan, Chongqing and Okinawa island of Japan. This indicates that the mosoonal evergreen broad-leaved forest in Xishuanghanna has obvious transitional characteristics from rain forest to the evergreen bread-leaved forest in the middle subtropical China.
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第3期257-267,共11页
Mountain Research
基金
国家科技部2001年度基础研究重大项目(2001CCB00600)
中国科学院"西部之光"人才计划项目资助~~
关键词
西双版纳
季风常绿阔叶林
群落学特征
物种多样性
Phytosociological characteristics
monsoonal evergreen broad-leaved forest
plant diversity
Xishuang-hanna
