摘要
目的：探讨腰骶背神经后支的行径特点，并测量神经行径的骨纤维管道的位置。方法：解剖8具16侧成人尸体标本，观察测量神经走行经过的骨纤维管道位置。结果：腰神经后外侧支在行径中经过下位椎体横突背面的骨纤维管道，该点至后正中线的距离从L1至L5椎体依次为24．9±1．2，25．7±1．4，30．2±1．7，32．5±1．3，32．2±1．5mm；所汇成的臀上皮神经分2—3束跨髂嵴入臀，最内侧的入臀点骨纤维管道至后正中线距离为68．4±11．8mm。后内侧支恒定地向后下沿下位椎体横突基部的骨纤维管。臀中皮神经主要由L5-S3的后外侧支组成，经过骶髂长韧带深面的纤维管道，管道内上口至髂后上棘的距离平均为32．4±6．2mm；外下口至髂后上棘的距离平均为36．8±5．6mm；髂后上棘至骶骨外侧角的距离平均为67．2±9.3mm。结论：腰骶神经后支行经的几个骨纤维管道位置基本恒定。这些骨纤维管道是神经卡压的解剖基础，在疼痛诊断和治疗上有重要意义。
Objective： To explore the characteristic of osseofibrous canal of posterior ramus of spinal nerves in lumbosacral area. Methods： 8 corpses were dissected and observed the way of the nerves and measured the distance from the osseofibrous canal to median line or to posterosuperior iliac spine （PSIS）. Results ： Those lateral branches of posterior ramus of lumbar nerves tranversed the back of vertebrals, the distance from the osseofibrous canal to the back median line as follows （ from L1-5 ） ： 24.9 ± 1.2,25.7 ± 1.4,30.2 ± 1.7,32.5 ± 1.3,32.2 ± 1.5 mm, respectively. The lateral branches converge in to the superior cluneal nerves and stride over the iliac crest in 2 -3 canals into glutea. The amplitude from the nearest canal on iliac crest to the median line averaged as 68.4 ± 11.8 mm. The medial branches fixedly went through the osseofibrous canals located on the basement of the transverse process of lower lumbar vertebracs. The medial cluneal nerves, consisting of lateral branches from L5 to S3, pathed through a fiber canal under posterior sacro-iliac ligaments into museulus gluteus maximus. The distance from PSIS to the interior and the exfra opening of the canal averaged as 32.4 ± 6.2 and 36.8 ± 5.6 mm, respectively, while the total length of the posterior sacro-iliac ligaments averaged as 67.2 ± 9.3 mm. Conclusion： Those osseofibrous canals on the path of posterior ramus of spinal nerves in lumbosacral area are fixed almost, and were the key points in nerve entrapment syndrome. Those ossefibrous cannels play important roles in diagnosis and therapy of low back pain.
出处
《中国疼痛医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期88-90,共3页
Chinese Journal of Pain Medicine
关键词
臀上皮神经
臀中皮神经
神经卡压综合征
脊神经后支
骨纤维管
Superior cluneal nerves
Medial cluneal nerves
Nerve entrapment syndrome
Ramus posterior nervorun spinalium
Osseofibrous canal
