摘要
虎在生态系统中处在食物链的顶端,是自然保护中的旗舰物种,具有重要的生态价值和科学价值。目前,虎的分布范围及数量已经明显减少,成为最受威胁的大型猫科动物之一。针对虎的这种濒危状况,虎的研究得到了极大关注,尤其是野生虎的生态学研究。本文综述了野生虎生态学的研究,从野生虎生态学的研究历史出发,作者认为野生虎的保护应该做到以下几点:减少人为干扰;保护好现有虎栖息地,对现有虎种群实行异质种群管理;建立新的保护区,扩大虎的栖息地;设法扩大虎猎物种群的数量。
The tiger occupies the top position of the food chain in ecosystem, so the key species in nature conservation and of important ecological and scientific value. The present status of the tiger showed that its distribution area and population number decreased significantly, thus become one of the most threatened large cats. This threatened status of tigers attracted great attention to their research, especially its ecological study. In this article, ecological researches of the wild tiger were summarized and from the research history of wild tiger ecology, following aspects were discussed： alleviation of human disturbance; well protection of present habitats of the wild tigers and application of the meta-population management method; establishment of new protected areas for tigers to enlarge the habitat; increase of population number of their prey.
关键词
虎
生态学
研究
保护
Tiger
Ecology
Conservation
Research
