摘要
针对当代惟一的超级大国——美国——不受直接挑战但又屡受种种制约的现象,一些西方学者提出了“软制衡论”。该理论认为,在单极体系下,针对霸权国的非军事手段的制衡是大国间权力互动的新的主要形式,并且有可能成为实现均势的准备阶段。“软制衡论”正确地强调了制度、观念等层面的国际互动在当代日益突出的重要作用,但却错误地把它们简单混同为权力互动的另种形式。事实表明,后冷战时期国际关系正呈现出一种多元互动的发展趋势,必须对权力、制度、观念等具有不同属性的互动层面进行明确的区分。只有在这种明确区分的基础上,我们才能对当代与美国相关的国际互动拥有更加准确的理解和把握。
Some Western scholars have developed a “soft-balancing theory,” which refers to the phenomenon that the US, the sole superpower in the world, has met various constraints, though no direct challenges. They argue that in a unipolar system, nonmilitary balancing against hegemonic power is a new form of interaction among the major powers, which will possibly become a preparatory stage for hard-balancing. This theory correctly emphasizes that institutions and culture are playing a more important role in current international interactions, but it is wrong in that it is unable to distinguish among power, institution, and culture. In fact, international relations in the post-cold war period have tended to develop on a multi-level basis and we should clearly distinguish these levels. Only by doing so can we properly explain international interactions with respect to the US.
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第7期40-45,共6页
World Economics and Politics
