摘要
目的了解艾滋病流行地区成年人的艾滋病知识、态度和行为，对有关儿童权利的认知和一般卫生行为作出需求评估。方法整群抽取561名18～49岁村民进行面对面问卷调查。结果在546调查对象中，91．4％没有听说过儿童权利公约，少数人不能做到饭前便后洗手（7．0％），分别有66．8％的女性有自己独用的清洗外阴的盆和毛巾，有81．3％的男性有自己独用的剃须刀。绝大多数人（94．1％）听说过艾滋病，57．9％掌握了80％及以上知识，男性高于女性（x^2=6．06，P=0．014）。18．5％的人不希望艾滋病感染者继续住在村里，27．1％认为艾滋病人不应该继续种菜和卖菜。12．6％的人做过HIV检测。16．7％的人在最近一次性生活中使用了安全套，5．7％在最近3次性生活中每次都使用了安全套。结论艾滋病流行地区的成年人不太了解儿童权利公约，不利于改善儿童生存和发展状况和降低艾滋病对儿童的影响；掌握了一定的艾滋病知识并具备一定的有利于艾滋病防治的态度，但仍有待于提高且安全套使用率较低。进一步的艾滋病防制活动应根据存在的具体问题设计出针对性的内容，围绕艾滋病防制和降低艾滋病的影响这两大主题全面开展工作。
Objective To assess HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude and practice, awareness of child right and general health behaviors among adults in an area with HIV/AIDS epidemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 561 adults in 7 natural villages selected using stratified clustered sampling method. A face-to-face interview with structured questionnaire was anonymously administered after informed consent. Results Among the 546 participants, 91.4% had not heard of child right convention. 7.0% did not wash hands before meals and after using toilet. 66.8% of the female participants did not have personal basin and towel to wash genital area. 81.3% of the male participants had their own shaver. Most participants （94.1%） had heard of AIDS, 316 subjects answered 80% or more of the knowledge questions （57. 9% ）, males were more likely to be correct than female （X^2 = 6.06, P = 0. 014）. Totally 61.1% hoped to publicize identity of people living with HIV/AIDS （PLWHA）, 18.5% did not want PLWHA staying in the village, 27.1% said PLWHA should not plant and sell produce. 12. 6% had HIV test, men were more likely to have HIV test （X^2=7.71, P = 0. 027）. 82.2% had sexual intercourse in the past year, 16.7% used condoms during last sex and 5.7 % used condoms for all the last three sexual acts. Conclusions This study demonstrated low awareness of child rights among adults in areas with HIV/AIDS epidemic, which was a barrier of improving child survival and development and reducing the HIV/AIDS impact on children. The local adults had relative high levels of HIV/AIDS knowledge and positive attitude, but condom use rate was low. Further interventional and educational activities should focus on the existing rumors and misconceptions and problems, with goals of AIDS prevention and AIDS impact reduction.
出处
《疾病控制杂志》
2006年第4期361-364,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control and Prevention
关键词
获得性免疫缺陷综合征
知识
态度
实践
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Knowledge, attitudes, practice
