摘要
在原油中添加降凝剂,可以降低原油凝点,改善原油低温流动性,以利于实现含蜡原油管道常温输送。聚合物类型的降凝剂可分为均聚物和共聚物两类,分别介绍了近几年国内外常用的聚合物类型降凝剂的合成方法、化学结构式和应用情况。由于原油组分的复杂性,使用单一降凝剂很难有效地降低各种原油的凝点和粘度。指出研究各类降凝剂与不同组分原油的降凝关系,并对各类型降凝剂进行复配,从而开发出多组分降凝剂,是解决高蜡、高粘原油管道常温输送问题的方向之一。
When transporting waxy crude oil in pipeline at ambient temperature, depressant is added to reduce pour point and improve low temperature flowability. There are two kinds of depressant of polymeric compound; homopolymer and copolymer. Several polymer depressants that are commonly used in resent years at home and abroad are introduced respectively, concerning its synthesis, chemical structural formula and applications. Unitary depressant is hard to reduce effectively the pour point and viscosity of crude oil because crude oil is made up of multiple compounds. Therefore, it is suggested that the relationship between different depressants and crude oil with specific components be analysed, and depressants of various kinds recompounded to form a multicomponent depressant, so as to deal with waxy, viscous crude oil in pipeline.
出处
《油气储运》
CAS
北大核心
1996年第10期7-11,共5页
Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation
关键词
均聚物
共聚物
降凝剂
降粘
降凝
原油
稠油
homopolymer, copolymer, pour depressant, viscosity reduction, pour point de-pression, high pour point crude, highly viscous oil, application
