摘要
俄藏黑水城汉文文献中有过去完全被人忽略的藏传密教文献,将其与回鹘、西夏、蒙古文中的佛教文献相比较,则可重构11—14世纪西域佛教史。黑水城汉文佛教文书中最有价值的部分是多部不见于现存各种汉文《大藏经》中的重要佛经,以及西夏和元朝时期翻译、流通的藏传密教仪轨手写本,这是迄今所见最早的汉译藏传佛教文献。新发现材料表明,从高昌回鹘到西夏和蒙古时代,西域依然扮演着东西文明之熔炉这样一个角色,11—14世纪西域地区之佛教历史一脉相承,在高昌回鹘、西夏和蒙古的宗教信仰中均占主导地位的既不是汉传佛教,也不是印度佛教,而是藏传密教。
This paper aims to show how an interdisciplinary and multilingual approach to Khara Khoto Chinese Buddhist texts reveals a great number of religious-historical sources and sheds new light on the history of Buddhism in Central Eurasia from the 11~ th to 14~ th centuries. It gives an overview of the main content of Khara Khoto Chinese Buddhist texts and discusses their relation to the Turfan Uigurica preserved today in Berlin, Germany and Khara Khoto Tangut Buddhist texts. This study testifies that Central Eurasia was still playing its traditional role as a melting pot of Eastern and Western religious traditions between the 11~ th and 14 centuries and that it was neither Chinese nor Indian Buddhism, but Tibetan tantric Buddhism that dominated the religious faith of the various peoples of Central Eurasia during this time period. It emphasizes that a comparative study of Turfan Uigurica with corresponding Tangut, Chinese, Tibetan and Mongolian texts found in the Khara Khoto collection is not only essential for reconstructing the history of Buddhism in Central Eurasia, but also for ensuring the success of linguistic and philological studies of the Turfan Uigurica and Khara Khoto Tangut Buddhist texts.
出处
《历史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第5期23-34,共12页
Historical Research
