摘要
农业洪涝灾害是洪水与农业易损性综合作用的结果,减灾就应从减少洪水的发生频率和降低农业洪涝灾害的易损性入手。由于科学水平的限制,目前人类还很难改变洪水的发生过程,那么降低农业洪涝灾害易损性就成为减灾的主要措施,为此灾害易损性评价就成为灾害研究的热点问题。基于洪涝灾害系统特征,本文给出了农业洪涝灾害易损性概念,认为农业洪涝灾害易损性是指在一定的农业生产方式与社会经济背景下,特定区域农业系统敏感于洪水威胁的属性。它受到自然环境因素和农业社会经济因素的共同影响。选取汛期降水量、农业产值等8个因子作为湖南省农业洪涝灾害易损性定量评价的指标体系,以县域为评价单元,对农业洪涝灾害易损性进行了量化评价,结果表明湖南省农业洪涝灾害易损性较强,其中湘阴县的洪涝灾害易损度最大,高达79.6,新晃县农业洪涝灾害易损度最小,为44.2。全省易损性存在地域差异,将全省划分成6个分区,并提出了各分区降低农业洪涝灾害易损性的具体措施。
Hunan Province is an important agricultural production base in Chain, but agricultural floodwaterlogging disaster is a serious disaster of the province. It often occurs suddenly and does large harm to agriculture. The agricultural flood-waterlogging disaster is caused by the flood hazard and the agricultural vulnerability. Therefore it is necessary for man to reduce flood occurrence frequency and the agricultural vulnerability. However, it is difficult for the humans to change the occurrence process of the flood at present, instead, it is a main measure for man to reduce the agricultural vulnerability. It hence becomes a hot topic for disaster studies to assess agricultural vulnerability. Based on analysis of flooding disaster system, the concept of agricultural vulnerability to flood-waterlogging disaster is defined, which means the nature of a specific region＇s agriculture system to resist agricultural flooding disaster in a certain agricultural production way and under the specific socio-economic background. The agricultural vulnerability is affected by many factors, for example precipitation, soil erosion, forest fragmentation, terrain characteristic, agricultural output value, population density, average per capita income, water conservancy facilities and so on. The reasons of forming factors are analyzed generally on the agricultural vulnerability to flood-waterlogging disaster in Hunan Province. The indicators to assess Vulnerability of agricultural flood-waterlogging disaster has established in Hunan Province. Taking the county territory as the unit, the author has assessed vulnerability to the agricultural flood-waterlogging disaster. The result indicated that agricultural vulnerability is the biggest in Xiangyin county, and the smallest in Xinhuang county. The Tungting lake plain belongs to the intensively vulnerable area. The basin in Hunan belongs to intensively vulnerable area. The eastern and south knoll belongs to the moderate vulnerable area. The western mountainous in Hunan province belongs to the mild flooding disaster vulnerable area. The concrete measures to reduce vulnerability of agricultural flood-waterlogging disaster are proposed for different districts.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第6期60-67,共8页
Resources Science
基金
湖南省教育厅课题:"基于洪水灾害风险分析上的生态农业发展模式研究"(编号:03C101)
关键词
农业洪涝灾害易损性
评价指标体系
评价方法
The agricultural vulnerability to flood-waterlogging disaster
Assessment indicators system
Assessment method
