摘要
我们分析了在持续增长的城市区域由当地使用者群体管理的城市绿地在支持生物多样性和生态系统服务方面的潜在作用，这些绿地主要包括分配区域、家庭花园和高尔夫球场。我们利用瑞典的斯德哥尔摩作为城市区域的例子，汇编了其空间特征的GIS数据，并且将这些数据与保护地和在生物多样性保护中优先的“环城绿带”的GIS数据相联系。结果表明这三种类型的土地利用占斯德哥尔摩城市研究区域面积的18％，相当于设为保护地的土地面积的两倍多。我们对文献进行综述来识别由这三种绿色区域提供的生态系统功能和服务，并且讨论了它们在城市生态系统管理中的潜在作用。我们的结论是将地方管理的土地及其管理人和管理机构与共同管理规划相结合具有改善城市多样性状况，减少生态系统管理的办事费用，以实现当地21世纪议程的潜在作用。
We analyze the role of urban green areas managed by local user groups in their potential for supporting bio- diversity and ecosystem services in growing city-regions, with focus on allotment areas,domestic gardens,and golf courses.Using Stockholm,Sweden,as an example city- region,we compile GIS data of its spatial characteristics and relate these data to GIS data for protected areas and 'green wedges' prioritized in biodiversity conservation. Results reveal that the three land uses cover 18% of the studied land area of metropolitan Stockholm,which corresponds to more than twice the land set aside as protected areas.We review the literature to identify ecosystem functions and services provided by the three green areas and discuss their potential in urban ecosys- tem management.We conclude that the incorporation of locally managed lands,and their stewards and institu- tions,into comanagement designs holds potential for improving conditions for urban biodiversity,reducing transaction costs in ecosystem management,and re- alizing local Agenda 21.
