摘要
目的:观察体操教学与训练中施加运动损伤干预措施前后,学生动作练习损伤发生率的变化。方法:于2005-09/2006-07对鲁东大学体育学院2004级学生实施1学年的体操普修课运动损伤干预实验。共纳入学生189人(包括:体育教育和民族传统体育两个专业),采用随机抽样分组的形式,随机抽取4个班(96人)为干预实验组,4个班(93人)为同期对照组;并与历史对照组(2003级,4个班94人)体操普修课运动损伤情况进行对照统计、分析。干预方法:①加强动作练习前保护与帮助重要性的教育,提出练习者和保护者的责任和义务。②熟悉各类器械的特点,有针对性地提出易发生损伤事故的防范措施。③学生分成“5人互助小组”,定出小组长,保护者责任到位。④加强动作练习前器械、器材检查习惯的养成。⑤加强学生心理素质的培养,克服精神紧张、思想麻痹、情绪消沉、动作练习“蛮干”等不良倾向,提高心理承受力和意志品质等。在学年结束后,对干预实验组、同期对照组和历史对照组进行体操教学各类运动损伤人数和伤情的统计和对比分析。结果:189名学生全部进入结果分析,无脱失。①实验后,干预实验组与同期对照组和历史对照组运动损伤发生率进行比较,差异有非常显著性意义(8%,18%,19%,P<0.01),而同期对照组和历史对照组比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。②干预实验组运动损伤部位主要为下肢(50%),同期对照组和历史对照组主要为上肢(35.29%,38.89%);同时,干预实验组无头颈损伤。③干预实验组与同期对照组急性创伤性损伤分别为1,4人,擦伤分别为3,5人,扭伤分别为3,6人,劳损分别为1,2人,干预实验组各类型运动损伤率与同期对照组相比,较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:施加运动损伤干预措施的实验组,学生在体操动作练习中损伤的发生率显著降低,损伤部位的分布和损伤类型改变。
AIM： To observe the change of incidence rate of sports injury in gymnastic teaching and training before and after interventional study of athletic injury. METHODS： The interventional trial of sports injury in common gymnastics class was performed for a academic year in students of 2004 grade from College of Physical Education, Ludong University between September 2005 and July 2006. Totally 189 students ware involved from Department of Physical Education and Department of Treditional Physical Education. Four classes （96 persons） ware selected randomly as interventional experimental group and other four classes （93 persons） as current control group. They ware analyzed and compared with the history control group （2003 grade, 4 classes including 94 persons） in the sports injury during common gymnastics class. Interventional method： ① The education to the importance of protection and help was stressed before training. The responsibility and obligation of exercisers and protectors ware clear. ②To know cleady the feature of each instrument, and the measure to prevent easily-occurred accident was proposed pointedly. ③Students ware assigned into ＂5-person mutual aid team＂, and team leader was selected, and protectors had clear duty. ④To check the instrument before training should be paid attention. ⑤Students＇ mental quality cultivation should be enhanced; Some bed propensities should be overcome such as mental strain, thought palsy, dejected emotion, rude training and so on; Mental endurance and volitional trait should be enhanced. At the end of the academic year, number of injured persons and injured condition ware collected and analyzed, and then comparison was conducted in the interventional experimental group, current control group and history control group. RESULTS： Totally 189 students ware involved in the result analysis, no drop-out. ①After the trial, the comparison of incidence rate of sports injury showed that there ware significant differences in the interventional experimental group, current control group and history control group （8%,18%,19%,P〈 0.01 ）, whereas there was no significant difference between the current control group and history control group （P 〉 0.05）. ~）The main injured part in the interventional experimental group was lower limb （50%）, whereas upper limb in the current control group and history control group （35,29% ,38.89% ）. At the same time, there was no head and cervical injury in the interventional experimental group. ③ There ware 1, 4 persons with acute traumatic injury, 3, 5 persons with scrape, 3, 6 persons with wrench, 1, 2 persons with strain in the interventional experimental group and current control group, respectively. There ware significant differences in the injured rate of various sports in the interventional experimental group as compared with the current control group （P〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Students in the interventional experimental group have significantly decreased incidence rate of injury during training of gymnastics, and the distribution of injured parts and type of injury have changed.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第17期3344-3346,3350,共4页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
