摘要
根系是土壤和植物的动态界面,对植物和土壤均具有重要意义。但由于根系深处地下,观测研究十分不便,导致根系研究在广度、深度上均落后于地上部分。随着对根系在生态系统以及全球碳平衡中重要作用的认识,根系渐渐成为国际相关领域的研究热点之一。Minirhizotron(微根区管或小观察窗)技术的诞生和应用,使根系研究手段得到了进一步发展,成为根系研究技术发展的重要里程碑。Minirhizotron技术主要由透明观察管、观测设备和记录设备组成,观测设备曾先后使用了普通镜子、观察镜和相机(或摄像机),记录设备也相应地经历了手工绘制、传统黑白、彩色相片或录像带以及高清晰数字图像。同时,还开发了多种图像自动分析系统,使该项技术日臻完善。Minirhizotron技术可以以非破坏方式,定期对同一根系的出现、生长、衰老、死亡和消失进行连续观察,对根系伸长、根系密度、扎根深度、侧根伸展、分枝特性、菌根特性以及细根动态、根系生命周期和分解等进行观测研究,同时,也可开展根系对不同处理响应的研究。因此,Minirhizotron技术必将在农业、林业和环境等科学领域得到越来越广泛的应用。
Root system is the dynamic interface of plant and soil, and of great significance to both of them. However, owing to the fact that it hides deep in the soil, the research on the root system is quite inconvenient, and lags behind that on plant aboveground part extensively and intensively. With the recognition of the significance of root in ecosystem and globe carbon balance, root research has become one of the hotspots internationally. With the invention and development of minirhizotron technique, root research technique has made a great progress. Minirhizotron has been a milestone in the development of root research techniques. Minirhizotron system is composed of transparent observation tube, viewing equipment and recording equipment. Mirror, scope and camera have been used as the viewing equipment successively, while recording equip- ment experiences the history of hand-drawing, traditional photo or tape and digital camera picture. With the development of the root image analysis systems, this technique has been greatly improved. It allows us to Observe nondestmctiveiy the initiation＇, elongation and death＇ of the root at an interval, obtain the information on root length, rooting density and depth, lateral root spread, branching characteristic, mycorhiza characteristic, fine root dynamics, .root system lifecycle and root catabolism, etc. , and understand the responses of root system to various stress. This technique would certainly find a wider use in agricultural, forestry and environmental sciences.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第2期253-260,共8页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(30300273)。
