摘要
近20多年来,伴随着我国经济的高速发展,北京市出现了以城市化为主要特征的大规模的土地利用/覆盖变化,土地利用类型之间转化明显。利用1984年、1996年、2001年的陆地卫星TM影像和2005年的“北京一号”小卫星数据,得到北京市1984—2005年间的土地利用变化。结果表明:21年间北京市城市化进程明显,城镇用地面积由1984年的484.86km2增加到2005年的1496.88km2;土地利用现状具有明显的圈层结构,具有典型的大城市及其郊区用地的特点;耕地面积持续减少,由1984年的5860.36km2减少到2005年的4923.91km2;农村居民点面积呈先减少后增加的趋势;非城镇用地类型之间存在明显的结构调整。经济的快速发展、政策法规的变革、人口的增长和卫星城的建设等因素促进了北京市近年来的土地利用变化。“北京一号”小卫星是我国第1颗拥有自主权的卫星,可以较好地用来进行土地利用信息的提取,在土地利用动态监测方面应用潜力巨大。
The land use of Beijing changed manifestly with the improvement of economic condition characteristic by fast urbanization. Based on three Landsat TM images of 1984, 1996, 2001 and one ＂Beijing-1＂ data obtained in 2005, the land use characteristic of Beijing between 1984--2005 was concluded. The urban area was 484.86 km^2 in 1984 and increased to 1 496.88 km^2 in 2005. The arable area decreased continually and mostly converted to rural area and urban area. The rural area decreased in the beginning of the dynamic time and then increased in the other time. During the past 21 years, different land use type converted mutually which caused by many factors, such as the economic development, the population growth and the construction of satellite town. The driving mechanism of these factors on urban built-up expansion was analyzed qualitatively. ＂Beijing-1＂ is collaborated by Bcijing Landview Mapping Information Technology Co., Ltd. （BLMIT） and Surrey Satellite Technology Co., Ltd. （SSTL） that was launched successfully on 27th October in 2005. It has 32 m multispectral imager and 4 m panchromatic imager. ＂Beijing-1＂ is the first satellite that Beijing posses the whole manipulative right and can provide the Beijing＇s remote sensing images periodically, that can service as the data base for the city planning, the ecological environment monitoring, important projects and land use projects.
出处
《生态环境》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第1期94-101,共8页
Ecology and Environmnet
基金
国家973项目(2002CB12507)
