摘要
首先介绍质子交换膜燃料电池建模的现状,然后结合车用情况采用半经验方法进行建模,主要从理论基础出发,简化电堆模型,从中推导出浓差项,提出浓差阻力的概念。根据车用低压电堆的工作条件,采用断电法来获取不同温度下电堆的欧姆损失,用线性拟合方法获得欧姆损失表达式。在保证其他操作条件不变的情况下,改变空气过量系数,通过比较电堆电压的变化情况,采用实数编码的遗传算法对试验数据进行拟合,获得浓差阻力系数的表达式。在获得欧姆、浓差损失的基础上,推导出电堆的活化损失表达式。最终获得车用低压质子交换膜燃料电池电堆的半经验模型,并采用建立的模型对20组不同温度和过量空气系数下的电堆输出电压进行计算,计算结果与实际测量值比较吻合,说明建模方法相当有效,模型精度达到系统优化和控制的要求。
According to the status in the vehicle, a low pressure vehicle proton exchange membrane fuel cell （PEMFC） stack model is developed using a semi-empirical modeling technique. First, the oxygen concentration item is derived from the PEMFC output voltage equation, and the concept of oxygen concentration resistance coefficient is presented. Secondary, the ohm losses in many different temperatures are determined via the experiments with the current interrupt method, which is formulized with linear regression method. Then, the oxygen concentration item is studied by the experiments with different air stoichiometric ratios while keeping the other operating parameters unchanged, and the oxygen concentration resistance coefficient is obtained by the genetic arithmetic which is used to process the difference voltages of the PEMFC stack in different air stoichiometric ratios. Then, the activation loss is obtained based on PEMFC output voltage and the loss of ohm and the loss of concentration. Finally, with the correlation of the model to 20 actual experimental data, the good agreement between the computation results and the experimental results is found out. The credibility of the modeling method is verified and the precision of the model is in accord with the systematic optimization and control.
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第2期110-114,共5页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
国家863计划资助项目(2005AA501100)。
关键词
质子交换膜燃料电池电堆
模型
浓差阻力系数
欧姆损失
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack
Modeling
Concentration resistance coefficient
Ohm loss
