摘要
目的了解云南省疟疾流行特征。方法采用调查表进行疟疾患者个案调查。结果人群特征:男性、农民、小学文化是风险人群。感染特征:当地感染病例占77.01%,外地感染病例占5.37%,国外感染病例占17.61%。发病特征:间日疟占74.30%,恶性疟占25.70%;轻型病例占97.90%,重型病例占2.10%;初发病例占74.10%,复发病例占25.90%。就医特征:平均就医时间4.15d;首选医院:村卫生所占61.50%。诊断方式:实验室诊断占53.40%,临床诊断占24.20%,药物试治有效占21.50%。行为特征:使用蚊帐率38.20%,有露宿习惯者占14.30%。治疗特征:口服药治疗占69.16%,肌肉注射24.25%;肌肉注射加口服治疗占6.59%,使用正规处方率为64.67%,非正规处方率为35.33%。结论防治措施有很大的改进空间,通过卫生宣教和培训,加强风险人群和有出国打工行为者的管理,提高村民的及时就医和自我防护能力,提高村医的正规治疗率,减少复发,改善抗疟环境,降低发病,控制疟疾。
Objective To understand the epidemic features of malaria cases in Yunnan. Method A total of 335 proved malaria eases in 2005 in 5 surveillance sites were investigated by ease survey table issued and adopted for national malaria survey. Results The results were as follows： the risk persons were male farmers with low education level; 77.01% eases infected from local, 5.37% from outside of Yunnan Province and 17.61% from foreign countries; 74.30% were vivax malaria and 25.70% falciparum malaria; 97. 90% showed simple symptoms and 2. 10% with severe manifestations; 74.10% were primary malaria and 25.90% relapse cases; the average time to see doctor was 4.15d; the first choice for treatment was village clinic （61. 50% ）; 53.40% were diagnosed by laboratory, 24.20% by clinic symptoms and 21. 50% by anti-malaria drug test; 38.20% used bed net and 14.30% had the habit of sleeping outside ; 69.16% treated with oral anti-malaria drug, 6.59% with oral drug and muscle injection, 24.25% only by injection; regular prescription rate was 64.67% and irregular prescription rate was 35.33%. Conclusion Based on the epidemic features, health education among villagers and training to village doctors should be strengthened so as to raise the management of risk persons and those who go abroad and to enhance villagers awareness of seeking medical advice and self protection consciousness and to reduce relapse cases through regular prescription rate.
出处
《寄生虫病与感染性疾病》
CAS
2007年第1期12-14,共3页
Parasitoses and Infectious Diseases
