摘要
农田水分管理与模型构建一直是农业生产的一个热点和难点问题。运用知识模型的构建原理,将系统分析方法和数学建模技术应用于玉米水分管理专家知识表达体系中,根据土壤水分平衡原理,分阶段定量灌溉与玉米和环境影响因子之间的关系,建立了具有系统性和适用性的玉米水分管理动态知识模型,可用于设计不同地区不同降雨年型玉米生育期所需的灌溉定额和灌水定额。利用北京昌平、山东泰安、辽宁沈阳3个不同地区的常年气象资料和玉米品种农大108的品种特征资料对不同生态点常年气候条件下玉米水分管理模型进行了检验;利用北京昌平区不同降雨年型气象资料和玉米品种农大108的品种特征资料对同一生态点不同降雨年型常年播期条件下的玉米水分管理模型进行了检验。结果表明:不同生态点常年气候条件下节水效果不明显,灌溉制度随生态点变化显著;同一生态点不同降水年型条件下丰水年和平水年节水效果显著,分别为8.6%和31.9%,且玉米苗期是否灌水随水分年型变化不明显,拔节期和灌浆期随水分年型变化显著。模型设计结果与当前高产玉米实际农作制度体现较好的一致性和适用性。
Field irrigation management and model establishment are always a core and difficult content in crop simulation. The research focused on exerting the establishment theory of knowledge model, and applying the systematic analysis method and mathematic modeling technology to knowledge expression system of maize water management, based on soil water balance, a dynamic knowledge model with systematic and wide-application characteristics for maize water management was developed, after quantifying the relationship of irrigation to cultivars＇ characteristics and environmental factors periodically. Cases were studied on the knowledge model with the data sets of normal year in different coo-sites and those of different rainfall years in the same coo-site. The results show that there is no difference on saving water in normal year under different coo-sites, irrigation ration changes with coo-sites （Table 3）; more difference in different rainfall years of the same coo-site, which is 8.6 % in more rainfall year and 31.9% in normal rainfall year（Table 4）, and irrigation in seeding does not change with year, but in Knurling and Filling they do. Irrigation system designed by the model is coherent to the actual planting system well. This indicates that the model has good decision-making ability and applicability.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第6期165-169,共5页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(30030090)
国家863项目(2003AA209030)
国家粮食丰产科技工程河北省课题(2004BA520A07)资助
关键词
玉米
知识模型
水分管理
专家系统
灌溉
maize
knowledge model
water management
expert system
irrigation
