摘要
目的了解上海市区中老年妇女的体力活动基本情况和模式,探索各类体力活动的影响因素。方法2006年对上海市女性健康队列基线资料中共74942名中老年妇女(年龄40～70岁)的体力活动进行了描述性分析和体力活动影响因素的Logistic回归分析。结果过去5年中经常参加体育锻炼者占全部对象的35.5%,参加人数最多的前3项运动为太极拳(参与率为79.3%)、跳舞(14.1%)和散步(3.8%)。体育锻炼的活动量不足全部活动的1/10。68.3%的对象担任家庭中大部分的家务劳动。步行、公共交通和骑自行车是最常见的交通相关活动。年龄与经常体育锻炼呈正相关,其中65岁及以上年龄组OR值为2.92(95%CI:2.59～3.29),且趋势检验有统计学意义(P<0.01)。已退休与经常体育锻炼、日常活动和家务劳动呈明显正相关,OR值分别为1.97(95%CI:1.87～2.08),3.11(95%CI:2.99～3.23)和2.87(95%CI:2.76～2.98)。高学历、高家庭年总收入和家庭成员少与家务劳动等非锻炼性活动呈负相关。每天看电视持续时间5h及以上者OR值为0.89(95%CI:0.84～0.94)。结论上海市区中老年女性人群的体力活动模式以非锻炼类活动为主,而体育锻炼(闲暇时间体力活动)较少。影响各类体力活动的因素是年龄、教育程度、家庭收入、在职与否、看电视时间等人口学特征和生活习惯。
Objective To describe the characteristics and patterns of physical activity among adult women in urban Shanghai, and to explore relationships between physical activities and socio-demographics factors. Methods 74 942 participants （aged between 40-70 years） of the Shanghai Women＇s Health Study （SWHS） were included in this study. Physical activities and social demographic information was collected in the baseline recruitment survey. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis were conducted to describe the physical activity patterns and their association with selected social demographic factors. Results The prevalence of regular exercise during the past 5 years was 35.5%. The top 3 most common exercises in this population were Tai Chi （including other slow movement exercises）, dancing and walking, the participation rate was 79.3%, 14.1%, 3.8%, respectively. Energy expenditure from exercises contributed less than ten percent of total non-occupational physical activity. Approximately 2/3 （68.3%） women reported that they were responsible for doing almost all housework. Walking, cycling and public transportation were the common ways to and from work. Age was positively associated with participation in exercises/sports,with odds ratio 2.92（95%CI： 2.59-3.29） in 65-70 years subgroup. Also, there was a significantly dose-response relationship when comparing elderly and younger women. Retirement status was positively associated with exercises/sports, daily activity and housework, with odds ratios 1.97（95%CI： 1.87-2.08）, 3.11 （95%CI： 2.99-3.23） and 2.87（95%CI： 2.76-2.98） ,respectively. Women with more education,more family income or a smaller family size were more likely to report less non-exercise activities. Accumulated time of watching TV was negatively associated with exercises/sports, and more than 5 hours/day with odds ratio 0.89（95%CI： 0.84-0.94）. Conclusion In this cohort of middle age Chinese women,nonexercise physical activity,particularly housework,contribute vast majority of physical activity. Participation in exercises/sports （leisure-time physical activity） was relatively low. Some socio-demographic and lifestyle factors,including age,education,family income, employee status, watching TV, and so on,were associated with exercise or non-exercise physical activities.
出处
《中国慢性病预防与控制》
CAS
2007年第4期309-313,共5页
Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
关键词
体力活动
体育锻炼
女性
现况调查
Physical activity
Exercise sports
Women
Cross-sectional study
