决策与推理的双系统——启发式系统和分析系统被引量：149

Two Systems in Decision-making and Reasoning: Heuristic System and Analytic System

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摘要近来,在决策与推理的研究中,研究者提出了双系统作用模型:基于直觉的启发式系统和基于理性的分析系统。启发式系统加工速度较快,不占用或占用很少的心理资源,容易受背景相似性、刻板印象的影响;分析系统加工速度慢,占用较多的心理资源,遵从逻辑和规则,而且两个系统有不同进化历史和神经基础。该文根据已有的相关研究,综述了双系统在决策与推理中可能的作用机制、相互关系、个体差异,同时指出了目前研究存在的不足。 Researchers in decision-making and reasoning have recently proposed that there are two distinct cognitive systems： heuristic system and controlled analytic system. The former is a relatively effortless system that relies on prior knowledge, judgmental heuristics, and immediate experience; the latter is a slower, effortful, resource-dependent, rule-based one. The two systems have sharply differing evolutionary histories and neuro-logical substrates. The mechanism of the two systems in decision-making and reasoning process, the relationship of them, the individual difference variables and some limitations were also discussed in this article.

作者孙彦李纾殷晓莉

机构地区中国科学院心理研究所青岛理工大学

出处《心理科学进展》 CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2007年第5期721-726,共6页 Advances in Psychological Science

基金中国科学院"百人计划" 国家自然科学基金(70671099)项目资助。

关键词启发式系统分析系统决策推理 heuristic system, analytic system, decision-making, reasoning

分类号 B842 [哲学宗教—基础心理学] C934 [经济管理—管理学]

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