摘要
在黑龙江省牡丹江地区引种甘肃线黄花和湖南荆州花的栽培试验,并与引种地野生黄花菜相对比,结果表明:①甘肃线黄花是适合黑龙江省栽培的优良黄花菜品种;②甘肃线黄花人工栽培的纬度向北推移了8°53′,在无任何防寒措施下,可在冬季-44.5℃的低温下露地安全越冬,比原产地(甘肃)-22.9℃耐寒度提高21.6℃;③在无霜期仅109d的条件下,生育正常,比原产地(甘肃)生育期缩短了40d左右;④定植2～3a就能成丛生长,6—7月份生长最旺盛,在雨季到来之前就可有效的覆盖地面,其覆盖度可达65%～95%,在5°～6°的坡地上种植黄花菜,可减少地表径流23.6%～88.9%,减少土壤流失量57.4%～98.5%;⑤定植3～5a后就可进入盛花期,鲜花干制率为14%～20%,在一般栽培条件下,干花产量可达1.5～3.0t/hm2,鲜花采收后,每公顷可割45t左右青叶作饲料;⑥甘肃线黄花与引种地黄花菜相比,不仅花大产量高,而且植株生长迅速,年生长量大,覆盖率好,根系发达,固土能力强,具有显著的经济价值和水土保持价值。
An experiment was conducted to study the induction effect of daylily flower, ＂Xian＂ daylily flower from Gansu Province and daylily flower from Jingzhou of Hunan Province, through the comparison of growth experiments between the introduced and the local daylily flower species in Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province. Results show that ＂Xian＂ daylily flower is an excellent species adapting to the climate in Heilongjiang Province. The latitude for ＂Xian＂ daylily flower cultivation is northern transferred 8°53＇, and this plant can survive under the temperature of -44.5 ℃ without any chill-proof measures, with an increase of 21.6 degree C compared with the original species （ -22.9 degree C）. Under a frost-free period of only 109 days, this plant growths normally and the growth duration reduces 40 days. It grows into bunches after being planted for 2 to 3 years and the boom period is from June to July, and covers the ground effectively before the rainy season with a coverage ranging from 65% to 95%. If the ＂Xian＂ daylily flower is planted on a slope field of 5°-6°, the surface rim-off decreases by 23.6% - 88.9% and the soil loss by 57.4% -98.5%. ＂Xian＂ daylily flower comes into a stage of full bloom after 3 to 5 years of fix planting, and the dehydration ratio of flowers is within 14% and 20%. Dried flowers can be produced 1.5 - 3.0 t per hectare on the common cultivate condition, and the green leaves used as feedingstuff can be reaped about 45 t per hectare after collection of fresh flowers. Compared with the local daylily flower, the Gansu ＂Xian＂ daylily flower has many advantages such as large flower, high yield, rapid growth, high annual increment, high percentage of coverage, well-developed root system, strong soil conservation ability, and remarkable values in economy and soil and water conservation.
出处
《东北林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第10期13-16,共4页
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
基金
黑龙江省科技攻关项目(GA06B302-8)
关键词
黄花菜
高寒地区
引种栽培
生态效益
经济效益
Daylily flower
Cold areas
Techniques of intreduction and cultivation
Ecological benefits, Economic benefits
