摘要
[目的]了解上海市妇女乳腺癌及其早期筛查知识、态度和行为现状以及三者的关系。[方法]采用乳腺癌及其早期筛查知识问卷、乳腺自我检查态度问卷和早期筛查行为调查问卷对上海市739名妇女进行调查。[结果]妇女对于乳腺癌的临床表现和早期筛查方法的知晓率较高,但对于乳腺癌的高危因素不了解;对自我检查的态度评分为3.13分±0.50分,态度较积极;有70.1%的人曾做过乳腺自我检查,但每月做1次的只有3.9%,分别有51.2%和6.5%的人曾做过乳腺临床检查和乳腺X线摄片,但只有11.0%和5.5%的人是1年做1次。乳腺癌及其早期筛查的知识与乳腺自我检查的态度及早期筛查的3种行为之间呈正相关(r分别为0.262、0.072、0.090、0.120),对于乳腺自我检查的态度也与早期筛查的3种行为呈正相关(r分别为0.272、0.169、0.188)。[结论]护理人员要重视提高妇女对于乳腺癌的认知,帮助她们树立积极的态度,从而改善早期筛查率低的现状。
Objective：To know about the status quo of breast cancer of women in Shanghai city and their knowledge,attitude and behavior toward early detection and the relationship among them.Methods：A total of 739 women were investigated by adopting breast cancer and early detection knowledge questionnaires,breast self-examination（BSE） attitude questionnaire and early detection behavior questionnaire.Results：The rates of women knowing about clinical manifestation and early detection methods of breast cancer were relatively higher.But they knew little about high risk factors of breast cancer.The average score of their attitude towards breast self-examination was 3.13±0.50 And their attitude was more active.Among them,70.1% had performed breast self-examination.However,only 3.9% of them conducted it once a month regularly.Respectively 51.2% and 6.5% of them had accepted breast clinical examination and breast x-rays photographs.But only 11.0% and 5.5% of them accepted it once a year.Knowledge about breast cancer and its early detection of women was positively correlated with their attitude toward BSE and behavior of early detection（r=0.262,0.072,0.090,0.120 respectively）.The attitude toward BSE was also positively correlated with three types of behaviors of them（r=0.272,0.169,0.188 respectively）.Conclusion：The health care professionals should emphasize knowledge of breast cancer and its early detection among women and help them to establish an active attitude towards breast cancer,so as to improve the status quo of breast cancer low early screening rate among women.
出处
《护理研究（上旬版）》
2007年第10期2568-2571,共4页
Chinese Nursing Researsh
基金
美国Susan G.Komen乳腺癌基金会资助
关键词
乳腺癌
早期筛查
知识
态度
breast cancer
early detection
knowledge
attitude
