摘要
根据我国616个地面气象台站1975-2004年的观测资料，利用联合国粮农组织推荐的Pen-man-Monteith公式计算各年逐日、逐月参考作物蒸散值（ETD）和年总量。结果表明，我国参考作物蒸散多年平均值大多界于800～1100mm之间，西北地区高，东北地区低。1978年出现最大值，1993年出现最低值，青藏高原以东地区波动小，西北地区波动大。参考作物蒸散变化率在-30～30mm·（10a）^-1之间，西部和长江流域地区显著下降，东部沿海、黄河中上游和东北显著上升。造成我国参考作物蒸散出现先降后增趋势的主要因素是日照时数（净辐射）和饱和差。
Based on the meteorological data collected from 616 weather stations in China during 1975-2004, daily ,monthly and annual reference crop evapotranspiration （ET0） were calculated by using the Penman-Monteith equation recommended by FAO. As for the long range annual averages, ET0 ranged from 800 to 1 100 mm,with the maximum in Northwest China and the minimum in Northeast China. For temporal variation, it reached the maximum value in 1978 and the minimum in 1993. The inter-annual fluctuations were small in the east of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Notheast China and large in Northwest China. The annual variability varied between -30-30 mm · （10 yr）^-1, dramatically declining in Western China and the Yangtze River basin, and rising in the East coastal area, the middle and upper reaches of the Huanghe River and Northeast China. Main factors leading to the temporal trend of ET0 declining-first-then-rising were sunshine duration and saturation deficit.
出处
《南京气象学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第5期705-709,共5页
Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40675067)
