摘要
科学史上的每次重大变革总是伴随着相应参照系的改变,甚至某些变革本身就是在参照系的基础上进行的。日心说与地心说的不同,实际上是两个参照系原点选择的不同;近代力学通过惯性原理确定了惯性参照系,从而使各物理量获得统一的经验和理论意义,并由此区别于古代力学;而狭义相对论革命则是在相对性和光速不变性原理的基础上,以新的变换关系(洛伦兹变换)代替了经典力学的变换关系(伽利略变换)而实现的。参照系作为连接主客体的实践中介系统,通过投影和变换而确定一定学科的经验-理论符号系统,并通过原点、维向的选择和重构使科学变革得以实现。
In the history of science, each revolution occurred unexceptionally accompanied by the changes of frame of reference, and some revolutions themselves happened based on frame of reference. The difference between heliocentric theory and geocentric theory actually originates from the difference in the selection of the original point of the two frames of reference. Modern mechanics differs from the ancient mechanics in that the former determines the inertial reference frame through law of inertia so that mach physical concept has obtained unified experience and theoretical significance. The revolution of the Special Theory of Relativity is achieved because of the substituting of new transformational relationship （ Lorentz transformation ） for the transformational relationship of classic mechanics （Galileo transformation） on the basis of relativity principle and permanent principle of light velocity. Frame of reference, as the practical medium system connecting the subject and the object, brings about scientific changes through the determination of a discipline ＇ s experience -theory system of signs by means of projection and transformation, and through the selection of the original point and dimensions.
出处
《科学学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第5期823-830,共8页
Studies in Science of Science
关键词
参照系
托勒密体系
哥白尼革命
惯性
相对论
变换
frame of reference
ptolemaic system
the copernican revolution
inertia
theory of relativity
transformation
