摘要
几丁质酶广泛存在于自然界，亦普遍存在于高等植物中，但在植物体内，至今尚未发现几丁质酶作用的底物。最近的研究不断发现植物防卫反应诱导表达的基因中包含着编码几丁质酶的基因［１］。许多研究已经表明，几丁质酶在植物体内的诱导与积累，对于增强植物防卫能力发挥着重要作用［２］，而植物自身防卫反应是目前植物分子生物学研究的热点之一。本文将着重介绍几丁质酶的特性。
Plant chitinases have been recognized to be involved in defense against plant Five classes of plant chitinases have been proposed based on the primary structure.Immunocytochemical as well as cell fractionation studies have been used to localize different chitinase isozymes and a C terminal propetide VTP has been shown to be necessary and sufficient for targeting of chitinases to the plant vacuole.Furthermore,chitinase is induced by various factors including pathogen and pest attack as well as treatment with elicitors,abiotic factors such as heavy metals and plant hormones.The gneral induction of chitinases in plants shows their importance as an active component in the plant defence system as various differentially regulated isoforms presented in the plant presumably may possess different roles.Chitinase has therefore been the subject of intense study in recent years,and it has now been demonstrated that enhanced chitinase levels in transgenic plants can indeed reduce the damage caused by pathogens.
出处
《生物工程进展》
CSCD
1997年第4期31-34,共4页
Progress in Biotechnology
关键词
几丁质酶
植物生物化学
防卫反应
Chitinase,Plant Defence Reaction,Classification and Characterization
