摘要
在实验室条件下研究了低温对仿刺参的中国群体（C×C）、俄罗斯群体（R×R）、中俄杂交群体（R×C）和韩国群体（K×K）幼参的影响。试验最低温度为-2℃，各试验组仿刺参幼参在0℃以下持续时间分别为48-57d。试验期间，溶解氧为7．5-10．5mg／L，pH为7．30-8．20。结果表明：低温下不同群体仿刺参都出现排脏、皮肤溃烂（化皮）和死亡等现象；在1．8-1．0℃以下，仿刺参幼参紧缩不动并停止摄食活动；体重为（0．813±0．043）g的不同群体仿刺参，低温下平均死亡率最高的是仿刺参的韩国群体（95．8％），最低的是仿刺参中俄杂交群体（R♀×C♂）（20．8％），对低温耐受能力的顺序是：R♀×C♂〉C♀×R♂〉R×R〉C×C〉K×K；平均体重为0．21、0．80、2．00g3个规格仿刺参的中国群体，其平均死亡率分别为73．5％、16．7％和10．0％，说明大规格的仿刺参比小规格的耐低温能力强。低温过程以后，当温度缓慢上升到14．0℃时，仿刺参恢复活力，轻度溃烂的皮肤可再生、痊愈。
Different populations of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus juveniles were kept at below 0 ℃ with the lowest temperature of -2 ℃ ,at dissolved oxygen content of 7.5 - 10.5 mg/L and a pH value of 7.30 -8.20 for48 - 57 days to elucidate the effects of low temperature on different populations of juveniles, including China population（C）, Russia population（ R）, hybrid population（ C × R）, and Korean population（K）. The evisceration, ulceration and mortality were observed at low water temperature. The juveniles began to show shrinkage and immovability and stopped feeding at water temperature of below 1. 8 - 1. 0 ℃. In low temperature condition, the mortalities of different populations of sea cucumber juveniles weighing （0. 813 ± 0.043 ）g ranged in a descendant order as： R♀× C ♂ 〉 C ♀ × R ♂ 〉 R × R 〉 C × C 〉 K × K, the maximum （95.8%） in Korean population and the minimum （20.8%） in the hybrids（ R ♀ × C♂ ）. The three China population juveniles weighing 0.21, 0.8 g and 2.00 g had mortality rates of 73.5%, 16.7% and 10.0%, respectively, indicating that the large sea cucumber had higher survival rate than the small one did. The sea cucumber appeared recovery viability, and regeneration of slight ulcerative skin when it rose to 14.0 ℃ after low temperature administration.
出处
《大连水产学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第1期31-36,共6页
Journal of Dalian Fisheries University
基金
国家"863"重大项目资助(2006AA10A411)
国家支撑计划项目资助(2006BAD09A01)
辽宁省科技攻关重大项目资助(2006203003)
关键词
仿刺参
不同群体
低温
耐受能力
Apostichopus japonicus
different population
low temperature
tolerance
