摘要
本文用冲根法,研究了常规沟灌、膜下滴灌和膜下渗灌三种灌溉方式棉花根系的干重、数量、在土壤中的空间分布特征和根系构型。结果表明:根系总重量、主根重量、侧根重量均是常规沟灌>膜下滴灌>膜下渗灌;根条数量侧是膜下滴灌>膜下渗灌>常规沟灌;常规灌溉棉花侧根数量在土壤中主要分布在0-40 cm土层,占总根数量的73.7%,以10-20 cm土层根数量最多。膜下滴灌和膜下渗灌棉花根系主要分布在0-20 cm土层,占总根数量的68.3%-76.8%,其中0-10 cm土层占侧根总数的42.6%-43.7%;常规沟灌棉花根系在土壤中的平面几何构型呈"垂直断面伞型"或"扇型"。膜下滴灌棉花根系朝滴灌带和膜内侧方向的根系多而密集,其它方向的根系相对较少,呈极不对称构型。膜下渗灌棉花根系的二维平面几何图像呈"马尾巴型"。
Dry weight, number, distributing characteristics in soil and architectural characteristics of cotton roots were studied in furrow irrigation, under - film drip irrigation and sub - irrigation through the methods of leaching. The study showed that the trends of root weight, main root weight and lateral root weight of cotton were as follows： furrow irrigation 〉 under- film drip irrigation 〉 sub- irrigation. while the trends of root number were as follows： under -film drip irrigation 〉 sub- irrigation 〉 furrow irrigation. 73.7% of lateral roots were in 0 - 40cm of the soil depth, and most of them was in the 0 - 20cm soil layer. 68.3% - 76.8% of roots of cotton under - film drip irrigation and sub - irrigation mainly distributed at 0 -20cm soil layer, and 42.6% -43.7% of which in the 0 - 10cm soil layer. The ichnographic architectur of cotton roots in furrow irrigation was assumed ＂Vertical rupture umbrella model＂ or ＂ Fan model＂. Roots of cotton was dense in the inboard of film and in the direction to the ward of drip irrigation tape. And it was assumed wondrously anisomerous model. Ichnographic architectural of cotton root in sub - irrigation assumed ＂ponytail model＂.
出处
《塔里木大学学报》
2008年第1期1-5,共5页
Journal of Tarim University
基金
自治区高校科研计划重点项目(编号:XJEDU2007I42)
测土施肥补贴资金项目(编号:兵财企〔2006〕649)
塔里木大学校长基金重点项目(编号:TDZKZD05005)
关键词
棉花
灌溉方式
根系
分布
cotton
irrigation methods
root system
distribution
