摘要
目的分析1996-2006年中国狂犬病流行特征,探讨狂犬病流行相关因素,为狂犬病预防控制策略和措施的制定提供依据。方法收集1996-2006年中国狂犬病疫情资料,用Excel 2003和MapInfo 7.0软件对所有数据进行整理和计算,绘制相关统计图表,对中国近11年狂犬病流行情况、分布特征和疫情动态特征进行汇总分析。结果11年间全国共报告狂犬病14 065例;发病人数逐年上升;2001与2003年上升幅度最大。除青海与西藏外,共29个省份有狂犬病病例;发病人数居前5位的省份依次是广西、湖南、贵州、广东和江西,占全国病例总数的68.61%。男女性别比为2.20∶1;27.04%为15岁以下儿童;农民、学生和散居儿童发病居前3位,占全部病例的89.16%。62.36%病例发生在夏秋季节。结论应降低疫苗价格,加强高发地区狂犬病的防制,加强跨地区运输动物的检疫,加强农村地区犬的管理。
To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies prevalent in China and to explore the correlation factors concerned with epidemics in order to provide the basis for the prevention and control of rabies, the data on rabies epidemics in China from 1996 to 2006 were collected and analyzed by Excel 2003 and Maplnfo 7.0 softwares ,so as to explore the epidemic situation, the dynamic character of disease distribution in time, in place and in population. The results showed that the total cases reported in China within 11 years were 14 065,with an increased numbers of cases reported year by year and significant increase of case numbers in 2001 to 2003. According to the case numbers ,the rabies cases had been reported in 29 provinces of China except Qinghai and Tibet. The incidence of rabies cases was rather high in Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou,Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces,accounting to 68.61% of the total cases. The sex ratio of male and female was 2.2 ： 1 and 27.04 % of cases were children under 15 years of age, farmers, students and children resided separately, accounting to 8 9.16% of total cases. It was also found that 62.36% of cases occurred in summer and autumn. From the results of this analysis it is apparent that some strategies, such as lowering down the price of rabies vaccine, enhancement of the preventive measures in the high--incidence areas of and strengthening the animal quarantine and dog management in the rural area,are necessary for the prevention of rabies.
出处
《中国人兽共患病学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第6期584-586,共3页
Chinese Journal of Zoonoses
基金
国家863项目(SQ2006AA02Z112882)
国家自然科学基金项目(30630049)
关键词
狂犬病
流行特征
rabies
epidemic characteristics
