摘要
近年来,人们对蔬菜、水果和农作物的品质要求不断提高,而品质性状多为多基因或寡基因控制的数量性状或数量-质量性状,其表型易受到环境影响。一些品质基因常表现隐性且品质检测操作复杂,制约了品质育种的发展。随着分子标记技术的发展,寻找与优良品质性状紧密连锁的分子标记,并用以进行标记辅助选择育种,将大大提高品质性状选择效率和遗传改良速度,分子标记、分子标记辅助育种和转基因技术将为改善作物品质提供有效手段。总体来说,作物品质在分子水平上的研究尚处于起步阶段,但取得了一些令人鼓舞的成果,本文对小麦、水稻、黄瓜、番茄、西瓜等作物外观品质、营养品质和风味品质在分子水平上的研究进展进行了综述,并探讨转基因技术和分子标记辅助育种在改善作物品质性状方面的前景。
In recent years, people pay more attention on the quality of vegetables, fruits and other crops, but quality traits are quantitative traits or quantitative-quality traits which controlled by more oligonucleotide genes or multiple genes, whose phenotypes are easily to be effected by environment. Some quality genes are recessive, and the inspection is complicated, which were restricted the course of quality breeding. With the development of molecular technology marker, finding molecular markers which closely linked with good quality traits are important. It will greatly enhance the efficient selections of quality traits and improves the genetic speed. Molecular markers, marker-assisted selection breeding and transgenic technology will become more effective on improving quality of crops. Generally, the researches on quality of crops at the molecular level still on the early stage, but which have been gotten encouraged results. This review summarized the progress on quality of appearances, nutrition, and tastes at the molecular level such as wheat, rice, cucumber, tomato, watermelon, and so on. The prospects in the improvement on quality traits of crops with the molecular marker-assisted breeding and transgenic technology were also discussed.
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
CSCD
2008年第4期749-759,共11页
Molecular Plant Breeding
基金
扬州市重大农业科技攻关项目(C2006305)
江苏省农业高新技术项目(BE2004313)
关键词
作物
品质性状
遗传改良
Crop, Quality traits, Genetic improvement
