摘要
本试验研究了施氮量（0、901、80、270 kg/hm^2）对夏播玉米CF008、金海5号和郑单958碳、氮积累、运转及氮肥利用的影响。结果表明,3个品种的茎叶碳、氮积累量,成熟期地上部总氮量均为在施氮量180 kg/hm^2或270 kg/hm^2下较高,但是最终碳、氮运转率,氮素吸收效率,氮素利用效率和氮肥利用率均在施氮量90 kg/hm^2下较高。本试验中,碳运转率与产量呈正相关,氮运转率与氮肥利用率呈正相关,表明较高的碳、氮运转率可以促进产量和氮肥利用率的提高。本研究在施氮量90 kg/hm^2下,CF008和金海5号茎鞘的C/N值在吐丝期和成熟期分别为22.1-122.91、35.66-54.23,叶片的C/N值分别为4.32-5.11、9.06-10.57;在施氮量90-180 kg/hm^2下,3个品种夏玉米产量达到了10688-11461 kg/hm^2;CF008和金海5号的氮肥利用率达到了31.55%-49.33%,而郑单958的氮肥利用率仅为15.11%-19.20%。
Nitrogen fertilizer application rate has strong effects on carbon and nitrogen metabolism, which might influence the yield and recovery of N fertilizer of maize. However, at present, few reports have provided quantitative criteria for evaluating carbon and nitrogen metabolism of different maize cultivars. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in Wuqiao Experimental Station of China Agricultural University （37°41′02″N, 116°37′23″E） in 2006. The objective of this experiment was to establish such quantitative criteria for high yielding cuhivars in North China Plain and to obtain high yield and high recovery of N fertilizer simultaneously through regulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism under suitable nitrogen fertilizer application rates. The split plot design was employed with main plot being nitrogen fertilizer rate （N 0, 90, 180 and 270 kg/ha） and sub-plot being cultivar （CF008, Zhengdan 958, and Jinhai 5）, and each sup-plot replicated three times. The main results showed that C and N accumulation of stem/sheath and leaf and shoot N accumulation at maturity were higher under nitrogen fertilizer application rate 180 or 270 kg/ha, but C and N translocation rate, N uptake efficiency, N use efficiency, and recovery of N fertilizer were higher under nitrogen fertilizer application rate 90 kg/ha. Positive correlation coefficient was observed between C translocation rate and grain yield, and between N translocation rate and recovery of N fertilizer, which provided evidence that high grain yield and recovery of N fertilizer could be obtained through increasing C and N translocation rate. Moreover, a series of quantitative criteria was obtained from this experiment suitable for Wuqiao area, which gave suggestions to farmers or scientists to evaluate the growth condition under similar field conditions： for CF008 and Jinhai 5, C/N ratio in stem and sheath were 22.11-22.91 at silking stage and 35.66 -54.23 at maturity stage, and C/N ratio in leaf were 4.32-5.11 at silking stage and 9.06-10.57 at maturity stage under nitrogen fertilizer application rate of 90 kg/ha. For these three summer maize cultivars, yield reached 10688-11461 kg/ha, and recovery of N fertilizer of CF008 and Jinhai5 were 31.55 % -49.33 % under nitrogen fertilizer application rate of 90-180 kg/ha, while recovery of N fertilizer of Zhengdan 958 was 15.11% - 19.20%.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第4期630-637,共8页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
国家自然科学基金(30571089)
北京农业育种基础研究创新平台项目
国家科技攻关计划“粮食丰产科技工程”项目(2006BAD02A13-2-1)资助
关键词
夏玉米
氮肥
碳、氮代谢
碳氮比
氮肥利用率
summer maize
nitrogen fertilizer
metabolism of carbon and nitrogen
C/N ratio
recovery of N fertilizer
