摘要
运用一次性经口染毒法测定了95%二嗪磷原药、50%二嗪磷乳油、10%二嗪磷颗粒剂对鹌鹑、鹧鸪的急性经口毒性,同时运用饲喂法测定了50%二嗪磷乳油对鹌鹑和鹧鸪的急性饲喂毒性。一次性经口染毒法结果表明,二嗪磷原药及两种制剂对鹌鹑的LD50在4.61￣13.9mg·kg-1体重之间,制剂与原药之间存在较大毒性差异,对鹧鸪的LD50在22.39￣31.67mg·kg-1体重之间,制剂及原药之间差异不显著。饲喂法结果表明,50%二嗪磷乳油对不同鸟类的饲喂毒性差异显著,对鹌鹑的饲喂毒性为高毒,LC50为120mg·kg-1饲料,对鹧鸪的饲喂毒性为低毒,LC50为1210mg·kg-1饲料。50%二嗪磷乳油用作拌种剂使用时,10%二嗪磷颗粒剂在田间撒施时容易对鸟类造成危害影响。
The short-term risks of pesticides to avian currently are assessed by comparing the LD50 and LC50 determined from the laboratory acute oral toxicity test and dietary toxicity test. This paper assessed the toxicity of different formulations of diazinon to Japanese quail （Coturnix japonica） and hill partridge （A rborophila brunneopectus）. Firstly, a rang-finding test was conducted to determine the dosage levels of diazinon to birds in acute oral toxicity test, and then the definitive test was conducted to determine the LD50 of different birds. Duration of definitive test was 7 days, during test periods, all signs of intoxication, other abnormal behavior and mortality were recorded and reported by dosage level and by day. Based on the results of oral toxicity test, the toxicity category of different fomulations of diazinon to birds was educed. In dietary toxicity test, Japanese quail（Coturnixjaponica）and 50% diazinon EC were selected to determine the LC50 .The test period was 8 days, including 5 days of exposure to 50% diazinon EC in the diet （exposure period） followed by at least 3 days of additional observation （post-exposure period） while the test birds are receiving an untreated diet. Mortality and abnormal behavior were recorded throughout the test period. Average body weight and food consumption per day were calculated and recorded. Finally the LC50 were determined by statistical analysis. The results showed that the LD50 of diazinon and its two formulations to Japanese quail was 4.61 -13.9 mg·kg^-1 body weight, and there were significant toxicity differences between the two formulations and diazinon; while, the LD50 to hill partridge was 22.39-31.67 mg·kg^-1 body weight, and there were no significant toxicity differences between the two formulations and diazinon. 50% diazinon EC showed significantly different avian dietary toxicity to different birds, being high toxicity to Japanese quail with LC50 120 mg·kg^-1 fodder and low toxicity to hill partridge with LC50 1 210 mg·kg^-1 fodder. 50% diazinon EC for seed treatment and 10% particulate diazinon for dressing in the field could be harmful to birds.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第5期2033-2038,共6页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
关键词
急性经口毒性
饲喂毒性
鸟类
acute oral toxicity
avian dietary toxicity
avian
