摘要
长江口及毗邻海域氮磷严重超标导致该海域赤潮频发,已严重影响到该海域的渔业资源。为系统地实施海域污染控制和生态保护措施,科学制定污染控制方案和评估行动计划实施效果,开展海域水质和生态动力学模型研究是十分必要的。在长江口及毗邻海域流场、盐度场、温度场和泥沙场模型的基础上建立了二维水质模型,主要模拟指标为高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、无机氮、无机磷,通过2005年夏季和秋季实测水质资料进行了模型的验证和率定,确定了污染物的综合降解参数。利用二维水质模型进行设计水文条件下33个概化排污口控制污染物的水质响应系数场的模拟计算,为海域容量计算和总量分配奠定了基础。建立了长江口及毗邻海域三维生态动力学模型,利用三维生态模型对应用水质模型计算得出的总量控制方案进行了校验模拟。结果表明:实施全海区功能达标控制方案后,原赤潮易发区叶绿素浓度值显著降低,叶绿素高浓度区域面积基本消失,中高浓度区域的面积也由现状方案约1万km^2减少了90%。
The Red tide occurs often in the Yangtze Estuary and its adjacent sea waters because N, P concentration have exceeded the standard many times, which have great influence on the fishery. State Environmental Protection Administration （SEPA） of China has initiated a campaign of Yangtze Estuary and Its Adjacent Sea Waters Cleaning Action Plan since 2005. For the purpose of establishing the pollutant control strategy and evaluating the progress of the action plan, a 2-D water quality model has been set up in the study area. Main concerned parameters such as permanganate value （PV）, ammonia nitrogen, inorganic nitrogen and inorganic phosphorus were included in the model. Field surveys of water quality were conducted for summer and winter in 2005, and the observation data were applied to the model calibration and verification. The results of simulating the influence of 33 major pollution sources provided good bases for the assessment of assimilative capacity characterized in the study area. Further more, a 3-D ecological model was used for studying the overall impact of the proposed pollution control scenarios. It has been found that chlorophyll a （chl-a） level in the waters susceptible to algal blooming would reduce significantly, and the water areas with high chl-a contents would vanish on the whole following the implementation of the action plan.
出处
《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第5期522-531,共10页
Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics
基金
国家环境保护总局"长江口及毗邻海域碧海行动计划"专项
关键词
长江口
碧海行动计划
二维水质模型
三维生态模型
总量控制
富营养化
赤潮
Yangtze estuary
Cleaning Sea Action Plan
2-D water quality model
3-D ecological model
total pollutant load control
eutrophication, red tide
