摘要
在１９９５年至１９９６年从３８７株病原菌所致的下呼吸道感染病例中，１．０３％为肺炎链球菌。上述的我国资料也反映了肺炎链球菌作为社会性下呼吸道感染的病原体较医院内感染者所占的比率为高。当前，肺炎链球菌在我国的最低抑菌浓度基本上在１ｍｇ／Ｌ以下。青霉素和氨苄青霉素对肺炎链球菌仍有效。我国的调查资料表明：耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（ＭＲＳＡ）在金黄色葡萄球菌中所占的比率从１９８５年的４４％增至１９９６年的１００％。ＭＲＳＡ菌株对红霉素产生耐药的比例从１９８５年的４４％增加到１９９６年的９２．３％。肠杆菌科中的阴沟杆菌、大肠杆菌和产气杆菌近年对抗生素的耐药情况有所增加。从１９８５年至１９９０年，肠杆菌中的病原菌对环丙氟哌酸的耐药菌株比率为４．２８％，而该耐药比率在１９９１年至１９９６年已增到１２．８５％，这是临床医师应加以注意的。
It was reported in China that among 387 strains of bacterialpathogens obtained from lower respiratory infections in years from 1985-1996, 1.03% were Pneumococcal streptococci. The percentage of P.streptococci as the pathogens for community acquired lower respiratory infections was higher than that of the nosocomial infections. The MIC of P.streptococci to penicillin was essentially less than 1 mg/L. Penicillin and ampicillin were effective in treating P.streptococci. Investigation showed that the percentage of the methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among the strains of S.aureus increased from 44% (1985) to 100% (1996). The erythro_ mycin resistant strains of S. aureus increased from 44.4% to 92.3% from 1985-1996. In China, Aerobacter cloacae,Escherichia coli and Aerobacter aerogens are common pathogens of the lower respiratory tract infections and those pathogens have been much more resistant to different antibiotics in the past years. Clinicians ought to pay attention to the fact that 4.28% of pathogens of the family of Enterobacteriaceae were resistant to ciprofloxacin in the years of 1985-1990; however, 12.85% of them were resistant to ciprofloxacin from 1991-1996. Reasonable application of antibiotics should be emphasized.
出处
《中国临床药理学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第4期233-237,共5页
The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
