摘要
目的评价认知-技能-应对方式-自我效能模式对中学生药物滥用预防的干预效果。方法在广西壮族自治区百色市4所普通中学中进行整群抽样,随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组采用认知-技能-应对方式-自我效能模式进行干预,对照组不采取任何干预措施。干预前后,采用自我填表的方式,对2组进行调查问卷测评。结果干预组与对照组除年龄略有差异外,性别、生活居住地和独生子女构成均有良好均衡性。干预前,2组对有关药物滥用的认知得分除海洛因/可卡因(t=3.135,P=0.002)外,对其他常见毒品的认知得分差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);应对方式、一般自我效能和抵御技能得分的差异均无统计学意义。干预后,干预组对药物滥用的认知得分均明显高于对照组,除海洛因/可卡因外(F=9.495,P=0.002),其他常见毒品的认知得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001);应对方式中除解决问题方式的得分差异无统计学意义(F=2.635,P=0.105)外,自责(F=52.166),求助(F=13.634),幻想(F=5.124),退避(F=8.791),合理化(F=15.251)等应对方式的得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001或P<0.05)。一般自我效能的得分(F=7.395,P=0.007)和抵御技能的得分均比对照组提高(F=87.748,P<0.001)。干预前后,2组曾尝试非法药物、过去30 d内尝试非法药物、曾使用多种非法药物等药物滥用率的差异均无统计学意义。结论认知-技能-应对方式-自我效能干预措施可以帮助学生增强远离毒品的意识,改善自我效能感,树立正确的态度,提高青少年抵御同伴压力的技能和应对技能。
Objective To assess the efficacy of ＂cognition - skill - coping style - self dficacy＂ program on prevention of drug abuse among middle school students in city and countryside of Guangxi. Methods Four general middle schools were randomly selected in Baise city, and every class was randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention groups received a prevention and intervention program. A pretest and post - test self - administered questionnaire was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the prevention program. Results There was no significant difference in gender, living condition and singleton between intervention and control groups. Before the intervention, no significant difference was found on cognition, coping style, general self- efficacy and resistance skills. After the intervention, immediate effects of the intervention were found on cognition, coping style, general slf - efficacy and resistance skills, but there was no clear evidence for any effect on substance use. Conclusion The prevention program enhanced the cognition, self - efficacy and ability of coping with pressure and resistance on drug abuse, as well as improved resistance skills on companion＇s pressure among students in middle school.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第11期1307-1309,共3页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词
毒品
干预模式
中学生
drug abuse
intervention program
middle school student
