摘要
联盟外交曾在新中国外交中占据着十分突出的地位,但学界对这种现象的研究还不系统和深入。本文以中国与阿尔巴尼亚这个特殊的同盟作为分析案例,试图回答意识形态在决定联盟兴衰中所起的作用。在以"意识形态划线"的时代,"意识形态"在中阿结盟的过程中扮演了决定性的角色,但真正维系同盟的因素却是现实的国家安全利益,包括安全保障、经济互助。当中、阿两国在国家安全利益上发生深刻分歧后,"意识形态"这个曾把两个相距千里、大小迥异、缺乏历史渊源的国家凝聚在一起的关键性因素,却演变成为矛盾的焦点,并最终使貌合神离的同盟分崩离析。
Alliance diplomacy had played a prominent role in New China’s diplomacy, but the academic circles lacked systematic and deep study of this phenomenon. Taking the special China-Albania alliance as a case, this article tries to answer the question of what role 'ideology' plays in the rise and fall of an alliance. In the period of 'taking ideology as the demarcation line', ideology played a decisive role in the process of China-Albania alliance, but the genuine factor maintaining an alliance is actual security interests of the state, including security guarantee and mutual support in economy. When deep differences occurred in state security of the two countries, 'ideology', this crucial factor which had united the two countries far apart in geology, immensely differ in size and lacking historical ties, became the focus of contradictions and led to the disintegration of this seemingly united but actually disunited alliance.
