摘要
分别从广东、四川、新疆等地禽流感（ＡＩ）血检阳性、发病率高、产蛋率下降的鸡群中采集１８６份病料，先后分离到６株Ａ型流感病毒。这些分离株可在鸡胚中传代，可凝集鸡红细胞，血凝价达１６０～１２８０倍。不被新城疫、减蛋综合症、败血支原体阳性血清所抑制。用这些分离毒株制成琼脂扩散（ＡＧＰ）抗原与禽流感标准阳性血清可出现白色沉淀线。分别将分离毒株与ＡＩ标准分型血清Ｈ１～Ｈ１４、Ｎ１～Ｎ９进行ＨＩ、ＮＩ试验，结果川和川农株均为Ｈ４Ｎ６，西昌１和２株及Ｓｈ株均为Ｈ９Ｎ２，新疆石河子（石）株为Ｈ１４Ｎ５。分离株分别做脑内接种致病指数（ＩＣＰＩ）、静脉接种致病指数（ＩＶＰＩ）测定，结果所有分离株ＩＣＰＩ介于０２４～１４８之间，ＩＶＰＩ介于０１５～０５６之间．通过电镜观察，可见直径为８０～１２０ｎｍ球状或杆状典型的禽流感病毒．经联机检索，从新疆石河子ＡＩ阳性鸡场产蛋下降的鸡群中分离出的Ｈ１４Ｎ５株为国内外首次从鸡中分离出的Ｈ１４亚型禽流感病毒。将某单位送检的禽流感鹅体分离株（Ｇ１株和Ｇ２株）做了血清型和毒力测定，试验结果认定，Ｇ１和Ｇ２株均为Ａ型禽流感病毒Ｈ５Ｎ１亚型，Ｇ１、Ｇ２株对鸡均达到高致病力毒株标准。
In this study,6 prevalent strains of avian influenza viruses(AIV)were isolated from southwest and northwest China,Agargel precipitin antigen made from dach isolate could react with antiserum to AIV,but all isolates were not recognixed by sera against Newcastle disease virus,eggdrop syndrome76 virus and mycoplasma.Each isolate possessed typical shape of AIV particles under electronicmicroscopy.The isolates were subtyped by typingsera,and the result indicated that isolates Chuan and Chuannong(both came from Sichuan province)belonged to H4N6,Xichang 1,XiChang 2 and Sh were H9N2,Shi(from Xinjiang Autonomous Region)was H14N5.As to the pathogenicity,all isolates above were not HPAIVs since their intraccerebral pathogenicity index(ICPI)was between 024～148,and the intravenos pathogenicity index(IVPI)was beween 015～056.Data of internet retrieval showed that the isolate Shi(H14N5)could be the first one with serosubtype of H14 isolated from chicken in the world.Furthermore,2 isolates from geese,G1 and G2(submitted for identification),were characterizated as H5N1 serosubtype and HPAIVs for chicken.
关键词
禽流感
病毒分离
亚型鉴定
Avain influenza Virus isolation Serosubtyping
