摘要
目的探讨武汉市部分幼儿园儿童分泌性中耳炎的危险因素，并与相关文献分析比较。方法调查武汉市部分幼儿园3—6岁的儿童，对其进行常规耳鼻咽喉科体检，电耳镜检查鼓膜结合声导抗测试，并问卷调查母亲生育年龄、生产情况、喂养情况，家庭吸烟史，耳科病史，鼻漏，喷嚏，鼻塞，睡眠打鼾，扁桃体炎发作情况等。结果144例分泌性中耳炎患儿和288例对照者进行危险因素统计学分析，发现鼻塞（OR=2．60，P=0．002），鼻涕（OR=1．442，P=0．003），硬腭高拱（OR=4．411，P〈0．0001），急性中耳炎病史（OR=1．77，P=0．025）是患病的危险因素。进行多因素回归分析后发现喂养情况（OR=0．746，P=0．047），鼻塞（OR=2．56，P=0．003），硬腭高拱（OR=4．35，P〈0．001），鼻炎（OR=1．397，P=0．098），急性中耳炎病史（OR=1．735，P=0．032）为分泌性中耳炎的影响因素。结论中耳炎病史是分泌性中耳炎的危险因素。但急性扁桃体炎并不是分泌性中耳炎的危险因素，另外发现母乳喂养是分泌性中耳炎的保护因素。有急性中耳炎病史且经常鼻塞的儿童应定期进行耳鼻咽喉科体检。
Objective To identify the risk factors for otitis media with effusion （OME） in some kindergarten children in Wuhan City of China and analyze the results with reference to the review of the literature. Methods The study subjects were 3 to 6 years old children drawn from a school screening program for OME in Wuhan . All subjects were assessed with routine otorhinolaryngologic examination, otoscopic examination and tympanometry . During the test, parents were interviewed to provide information with regard to the children＇s birth history, neonatal history, feeding history, family smoke history, otological history, rhinorrhea, sneeze, nasal obstruction, snoring, tonsillitis episodes history, et al. These data formed the basis in the estimation of potential risk factors for OME. Results In the univariate analysis of 144 cases and 288 controls, significantly elevated odds ratios （OR） for OME were detected on the symptoms of nasal obstruction （ OR = 2. 60, P = 0. 002 ）, rhinorrhoea （ OR = 1. 442, P = 0. 003 ）, high hard palate （ OR = 4. 411, P 〈0. 0001 ）, and previous history of acute otitis media （ OR = 1.77, P =0. 025）. However, four factors were found to be significant in the muhivariate logistic regression model, including feeding history （ OR = 0. 746, P = 0. 047 ）, nasal obstruction （ OR = 2. 56, P = 0. 003 ） and previous acute otitis media episodes （OR = 1. 735, P = 0. 032 ）. Conclusions Previous acute otitis media episodes and nasal obstruction were risk factors, which was accordant with literature. In addition, breastfeeding was a protective factor for OME, but acute tonsihis was not a factor for OME. A child who had previous acute otitis media episode and ofen had nasal obstruction is suggested to have otorhinolaryngologic regulately examintion.
出处
《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第12期903-905,共3页
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
关键词
中耳炎
伴渗出液
儿童
危险因素
Otitis media with effusion
Child
Risk factors
